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{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"type": "chrome",
"request": "launch",
"name": "Launch Chrome against localhost",
"url": "http://localhost:8080",
"webRoot": "${workspaceFolder}"
}
]
}

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Biometric.md
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# Biometric Attendance System in Health Sector of Bangladesh
## Background
In remote areas of Bangladesh, absenteeism among health service providers at hospitals and health centers was a significant issue. This challenge is common not only in Bangladesh but also in many other countries. To address this, the Management Information System (MIS) under the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) introduced biometric time-attendance systems to track office attendance of government health staff at workplaces.
## Implementation of Biometric Attendance System
### Phase 1: Fingerprint Biometric Machines
- **Installation Timeline:**
- Introduced in 2012 and gradually expanded.
- Covered all Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs) and District Hospitals (DHs) in phases.
- **Technical Details:**
- Low-cost fingerprint biometric devices.
- Each device can store up to 30,000 touch encounters.
- **Operational Mechanism:**
- Staff fingerprints are registered during installation.
- Daily attendance is recorded through touch-based fingerprint scanning.
- Attendance data is captured by a central server at MIS-DGHS whenever local computers are connected to the Internet.
- Web-based attendance reports can be accessed remotely.
### Performance Metrics
- **Statistics:**
- In 2015: 423 active devices with 38.21% attendance.
- In 2016: 457 active devices with 51.05% attendance.
- In 2017: 476 active devices with 74.59% attendance.
- **Impact:**
- Attendance rates increased by 36.38% from 2013 to 2017.
- **Pre-COVID-19 Period (Till August-September 2023):**
- Attendance rate reached 92% with data from 600 active devices.
### Impact of COVID-19
- **Pandemic Disruption:**
- Biometric attendance machines were shut down from 2019 to 2021.
### Phase 2: Face Recognition System
- **Introduction:**
- Implemented from September 2023.
- **Upgrades:**
- Face recognition technology replaced fingerprint systems.
- Devices are now required to remain online, connecting directly to the central MIS-DGHS server.
- Attendance confirmation is based on face recognition linked to the HRM ID of employees.
- Face ID registration occurs once per organization, and updates (e.g., transfers) are synchronized automatically.
- **Features:**
- Supports outsourced employees and simplifies processes for reporting, leave management, scheduling, and activation/inactivation.
- Centralized server manages real-time data and reporting.
## Coverage
As of the latest update, the attendance system connects:
- **Institutions:**
- Divisional Health Offices: 8
- Sadar Upazila Health Offices: 60
- District Health Offices: 63
- Chest Hospitals: 11
- Chest Clinics: 41
- Former UHCs, Sadar/District Hospitals, Specialized Hospitals, Medical Colleges, and Medical College Hospitals.
- **Total Coverage:** 787 institutions.
## Current Status
The upgraded system has enhanced operational efficiency and attendance monitoring in government health facilities across the country. Regular attendance data is now being received from all connected institutions, ensuring better accountability and service delivery.
---
This article provides an overview of the biometric attendance system implemented by MIS-DGHS to improve attendance tracking in the health sector of Bangladesh. For further queries, please contact the MIS-DGHS support team.

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CRVS.md
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# Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) in Bangladesh
## 1. Overview of CRVS in Bangladesh
Civil Registration and Vital Statistics, known as CRVS, is the national system in Bangladesh for recording births and deaths and producing official statistics about these events. The backbone of this system is the **Birth and Death Registration Information System (BDRIS)**, which is managed under the Office of the Registrar General. BDRIS is the legal authority for birth and death certificates in the country.
The health sector contributes information into CRVS through the **District Health Information Software version 2 (DHIS2)**, which is managed by the Management Information System under the Directorate General of Health Services (MIS, DGHS). DHIS2 captures health-related events such as facility births and facility deaths, and also stores cause-of-death information certified by physicians.
For community deaths, which occur outside health facilities, Bangladesh uses **Verbal Autopsy (VA)** tools. Currently, the data is collected using **Open Data Kit (ODK)**. Importantly, Verbal Autopsy is conducted only after a death has been legally registered in BDRIS. VA is not a trigger for registration; rather, it is a method to assign a probable cause of death for public health statistics.
Some facilities in Bangladesh also use **OpenMRS**, which is an electronic medical record system. OpenMRS follows the same process of entering cause-of-death information, but at present, the data from OpenMRS is not yet fully integrated into the national Health Information System (HIS) for routine use.
---
## 2. Facility Deaths and the Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCoD)
For deaths that occur inside hospitals or health facilities, Bangladesh uses the **Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCoD)** process. A physician fills in a **World Health Organization (WHO) cause-of-death form** on paper.
The physician then selects the **Underlying Cause of Death (UCoD)**, which is the single disease, condition, or injury that started the sequence of events leading to death. This selection is based on the **International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10)** index and tabular list.
After the physician’s certification, a nurse or health information officer enters the information into **DHIS2 Tracker Capture**. The ICD-10 code is automatically generated by the system from the physician’s text description of the cause. This digital entry allows the information to be centrally analyzed.
At the central level, statisticians and physicians perform **analysis, validation, and tabulation** of the cause-of-death data. A tool called **ANACOD2** is used to evaluate patterns, check data quality, and produce tabulations.
Finally, the validated mortality statistics are disseminated to and used by the **Health Services Division (HSD)**, the **Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW)**, and the **Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS)** for policy and planning.
Currently, Bangladesh uses ICD-10 for coding causes of death. However, **ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision)** is being piloted in six hospitals to prepare for future adoption.
---
## 3. Community Deaths and Verbal Autopsy (VA)
Most deaths in Bangladesh occur outside health facilities. To understand the causes of these deaths, the country conducts **Verbal Autopsy (VA)**. Verbal Autopsy is a method where trained interviewers talk to family members or caregivers of the deceased to collect information about the signs, symptoms, and circumstances before death.
In Bangladesh, Verbal Autopsy is conducted using **ODK (Open Data Kit)** on mobile devices. The collected data is analyzed to assign a probable cause of death. Currently, Bangladesh is using the **Smart Verbal Autopsy (SmartVA)** tool, but the country is now working towards adopting the **WHO standard Verbal Autopsy instrument**, which is internationally recommended.
Verbal Autopsy in Bangladesh is not applied to every community death. It is conducted on a **sample basis**. At present, **69 upazilas (sub-districts)** have been selected for VA implementation. The national program aims to cover approximately **5,000 deaths per month** through Verbal Autopsy. This provides a representative picture of mortality patterns in the community.
It is important to note that Verbal Autopsy is performed **only after the death has already been registered in BDRIS**. The VA data therefore does not feed into BDRIS for registration, but rather into statistical systems for public health analysis.
---
## 4. Interoperability Between DHIS2 and BDRIS
The connection between the health information system (DHIS2) and the civil registration system (BDRIS) is a key innovation in Bangladesh’s CRVS. When a birth or death is recorded in DHIS2, a notification is sent electronically to BDRIS.
If the person’s residence is in a rural area, the information is forwarded to the registrar’s office, and the **Registrar’s Office (RO)** follows up, sometimes with additional forms if required. If the residence is urban, the respective registrar monitors notifications directly through the BDRIS dashboard. Central monitoring can also be supported by sending government-issued SMS messages.
After the registrar completes the registration, BDRIS sends an **electronic confirmation back to DHIS2**. This loop ensures that health events are matched with civil registration records and that DHIS2 always has an updated record of whether a birth or death has been legally registered.
---
## 5. Role of OpenMRS
In some facilities, especially where OpenMRS is deployed, physicians and staff use OpenMRS to record deaths and causes of death. The process of certification and selection of the underlying cause of death is the same as in the MCCoD pathway described above. However, at present, the data from OpenMRS is **not yet included in the national Health Information System for routine reporting**. This means that although the information exists in OpenMRS, it does not yet contribute to the official CRVS statistics.
---
## 6. Key Performance Indicators for CRVS in Bangladesh
To measure progress and data quality, Bangladesh uses several indicators in the CRVS system:
* **Completeness of registration**: The proportion of births and deaths that are legally registered within a defined period.
* **Timeliness of registration**: The time gap between the occurrence of a birth or death and its registration.
* **Quality of MCCoD data**: The proportion of deaths with a correctly assigned underlying cause of death, the proportion coded to ill-defined categories, and the consistency of coding.
* **Coverage of Verbal Autopsy**: The proportion of the monthly target of 5,000 community deaths achieved across the 69 upazilas.
* **Interoperability efficiency**: The percentage of DHIS2 notifications that are successfully transmitted to BDRIS and confirmed back.
* **Integration gap**: The extent to which OpenMRS data remains outside the national HIS.
---
## 7. Frequently Asked Questions
* **Does Verbal Autopsy trigger death registration?**
No. Verbal Autopsy is conducted only after a death is already registered in BDRIS. It is used for statistics, not for registration.
* **Which coding systems are used in Bangladesh?**
ICD-10 is used nationwide, but ICD-11 is being piloted in six hospitals.
* **What tools are used for facility deaths?**
Physicians fill out WHO paper forms, causes are coded in DHIS2, and analysis is done with ANACOD2.
* **How many deaths are covered by Verbal Autopsy?**
Verbal Autopsy is sample-based, currently in 69 upazilas, with a monthly target of 5,000 deaths.
* **Is OpenMRS data included in official statistics?**
No. OpenMRS follows the same entry process, but its data is not yet integrated into the routine HIS.

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3. **Online Portal:**
* An **online portal** (https://eappointment.dghs.gov.bd) allows citizens to obtain a health ID by providing their NID or birth registration number. In selected pilot areas, from this portal, anyone can book appointments for outdoor services. However, getting an online appointment for outdoor services is limited to only piloting areas. This convenient feature enables access to health services even before visiting a healthcare facility and allows patients to obtain their own Health ID from home. Even if a person is out-of-country or abroad, they can also obtain a Health ID from this online portal.
* In selected pilot areas, an **online portal** (https://eappointment.dghs.gov.bd) allows citizens to book appointments for outdoor services. From this portal, anyone can get a health ID by providing their NID or birth registration number. However, getting an online appointment for outdoor services is limited to only piloting areas. This convenient feature enables access to health services even before visiting a healthcare facility and allows patients to obtain their own Health ID from home. Even if a person is out-of-country or abroad, they can also obtain a Health ID from this online portal.
---
@ -72,4 +72,8 @@ The progress of Health ID distribution is monitored through a **real-time dashbo
---
**Conclusion**
The Health ID system marks a significant step in Bangladesh's journey toward a **digitally empowered healthcare system**. By ensuring universal health coverage, preventing duplication, and enabling seamless data exchange, the Health ID enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of health services. With multiple registration pathways and real-time monitoring, the initiative is poised to transform healthcare delivery for millions of citizens.
The Health ID system marks a significant step in Bangladesh's journey toward a **digitally empowered healthcare system**. By ensuring universal health coverage, preventing duplication, and enabling seamless data exchange, the Health ID enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of health services. With multiple registration pathways and real-time monitoring, the initiative is poised to transform healthcare delivery for millions of citizens.
---
Would you like any further modifications or additional details?

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## HRIS
**Introduction to Central HRIS**
Central HRIS is the single software platform where organizations can manage their staff information systematically with
uniformity and consistency so that the present scenario of the workforce is visible to administration with maximum
details, enabling stakeholders and policymakers to take effective and timely measures based on most recent, up-to-date
facts.
For first time in history such transparency in human resource management has been introduced. A major step towards going
paperless and increase productivity. Designed to meet the need of Government processes. (including ad hoc processes)
Accountability and awareness through media monitoring. Established interoperability with all existing major health
systems. Open data philosophy - Share maximum data through thousands of APIs reducing thousands of hours of data entry
and human effort for other systems.
---
**Core Objectives**
Central HRIS is unique because.
1. Fast and effective data driven decision, policy & crisis management.
2. Maximum interoperability to eliminate data duplication and redundancy.
3. Increase productivity of staffs by introducing transparency and accountability.
4. Improve quality of health service for citizen.
---
**One Click Solution To Data Problem**
Central HRIS has instant, one click answers to thousands of questions such as following -
1. How many Jr. Consultants are posts are vacant in under Dhaka division?
2. How many staffs are currently in Leave, Lien and Deputation and when they will be back to service?
3. How many Female Medical Officers are posted in all 31-Bed Hospitals under Barisal division?
4. Where to find all the relevant HR documents i.e. staff’s scanned documents, ACR records, PDS.
5. Where to see a provider’s career changes in a timeline (here, career change refers to Transfer, Promotion, Training,
Publications.. etc).
6. How to get a list of work forces who are retiring next month, or next week, or next year.
7. Based on what information planning and future projection should be done? How many staffs and of which disciplines are
required nationally. And many more ...
Prior to HRIS, it took weeks or months to collect, compile, combine, formulate, cross-check, verify and publish such
report. Now, these answers are one click away.
---
**Resolved Consistency And Authenticity Issues**
Without a central system consistency and quality issues like the following would continuously arise -
1. If similar reports from different sources are obtained, they will not have uniform terminology, code or standard.
2. Aggregated values (for example - vacant and filled up counts) do not match in reports from different sources.
3. Report is not free of human errors that might have occurred during large excel manipulation, emailing, versioning,
manual computation and during merger of data from multiple files.
4. One would realize that one can only make most sense of reports that are generated by his/her own organization.
Reports that you receive from other organizations takes significant time to process and understand.
On the other hand, Central HRIS delivers accurate and consistent report in real time with 100% uniformity.
---
**Increase productivity & utilization of workforce**
Central HRIS significantly reduces human involvement in the process of managing HR data. A minimal input or change
automatically propagates itself meaningfully across the whole hierarchy. For example - If a person is in leave, this
would automatically reflect in manpower calculation, attendance count and all other reports. An intelligent system like
HRIS reduces the chances of human error by automatically suggesting the correct operation and necessary validation. Once
HRIS takes care of the all the above, resources can be engaged in more productive activities where human involvement is
imperative and adds significant value.
---
## Primary registries (Data repositories)
HRIS stands on top of four main* databases also known as Registries
1. **Geolocation Registry**
* Geolocation registry stores the complete administrative area hierarchy of Bangladesh, from Division down to ward level.
All software in the health ecosystem use this single repository as a source for geolocation data.
* Geolocation registry stores the complete administrative area hierarchy of Bangladesh, from Division up to ward level .
* Facilities are placed somewhere in an administrative area. i.e.Union level Hospital.
* This registry is managed centrally and changes occur only due to new Govt orders. Like - creation of new division, merge of two unions etc.
* All other software will use this registry provided by geolocation registry to have identical structure. This will help get rid of all sort of report inconsistency.
2. **Facility Registry**
* Facility registry stores a comprehensive data about health facilities. Information includes -
* Facility type, function, ownership type.
* Administrative information
* Infrastructure details
* Major services
* Posts
* Logistics & Equipments
* Capacity & Manpower
* etc.
Other information about facility
* Level - District level, Upazila level
* Type - Administrative, Service
* Function- Academic, Training.. etc
* Ownership - Fully Government-owned, Government-Semi-autonomous
* Healthcare level - Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
* And many other attributes and information.
3. **Post Registry**
* There is a finite number of posts under the Ministry of Health. In sanctioned post registry these posts are managed.
* A post always belongs to a facility and has additional information attached to it like - designation name, group, payscale, discipline, Bangladesh professional group, WHO professional group etc.
* A post can be empty or a provider can occupy a post by Transfer, promotion or other changes.
4. **Provider Registry**
* All staffs who are employed by MoHFW belong to this registry.
* This database stores identity information, service details and expertise, academic qualifications, awards, achievement and publications of all staffs.
* Staff’s whole life history starting from joining till retirement is visible to manager.
* Staff’s leave, lien and deputation related information are all available along with scanned copy of orders.
* Staffs personal information
* Family information
* Training
* Salary and Benefits
* Educational Qualification
* Achievements
* Publications
* Presentations
* Affiliation
* Awards
* Related Files/Uploads
* Online Applications
* Transfer/Posting
* Leave
* Lien
* Additional role
* Attachment
* Noc
* Deputation
* Retirement
* Promotion
* Disciplinary action
* Death
Many more...
---
**Access HRIS**
Use your username and password to enter HRIS.
at [https://hrm.dghs.gov.bd/](https://hrm.dghs.gov.bd/)

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# Bangladesh's Transition from ICD-10 to ICD-11: A Journey Towards Modernized Health Coding
## Introduction
In late 2023, Bangladesh started the journey of transitioning from ICD-10 to ICD-11, aiming to modernize its health information system and improve disease classification and reporting. As part of this transition, a pilot phase was initiated in six hospitals, employing two different approaches for ICD-11 integration based on the existing digital infrastructure.
## The Pilot Phase: Implementing ICD-11 in Six Hospitals
To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of ICD-11, six hospitals were selected for piloting, categorized based on their health information systems:
### 1. OpenMRS-Based Hospitals (WHO ICD-11 API Integration)
Three district hospitals leveraged OpenMRS, integrated with the WHO ICD-11 API to facilitate morbidity (OPD, emergency) and mortality (MCCoD) coding. The hospitals included:
- **Cumilla District Hospital**
- **Nilphamari District Hospital**
- **Barguna District Hospital**
This integration enabled structured coding of patient diagnoses and causes of death.
### 2. DHIS2-Based Hospitals (ICD-11 Codes in Dropdowns)
Three other hospitals incorporated ICD-11 into the existing DHIS2 platform by manually adding ICD-11 codes into dropdown menus. These hospitals were:
- **Cox’s Bazar District Hospital**
- **Khulna Medical College Hospital**
- **Rajshahi Medical College Hospital**
Bangladesh initially planned for an integrated morbidity and mortality tracker within DHIS2. While WHO had already developed a customized ICD-11 application for MCCOD (Medical Certification of Cause of Death), there was no equivalent app available for morbidity coding at the time of piloting. As a result, ICD-11 morbidity and mortality coding had to be manually incorporated using dropdown menus. Bangladesh continued using this approach to maintain consistency while simultaneously requesting WHO to develop a customized morbidity app to enable full ICD-11 integration within DHIS2.
## Challenges Encountered During the Pilot Phase
### 1. Challenges in OpenMRS Implementation
- **Limited Scope of ICD-11 Usage:** The inpatient module of OpenMRS is still under development. Consequently, ICD-11 could only be utilized in outpatient departments (OPD), emergency departments, and for MCCOD.
- **Data Remains Locally Stored:** The lack of centralized synchronization meant that hospitals using OpenMRS continued entering routine health information into DHIS2, leading to a double workload.
- **Limited Use of Postcoordination:** Findings from the pilot phase indicated very little usage of postcoordination in OpenMRS-based piloting areas, suggesting the need for further training and system improvements.
- **Initial Absence of Foundation URI Storage:** Initially, only ICD-11 codes were stored, without keeping the `foundationUri`. Later, it was realized that storing `foundationUri` is essential for usability and data analysis. As a result, this functionality was added to the backend.
### 2. Challenges in DHIS2 Implementation
- **Dropdown Limitations:** Since DHIS2 lacked a built-in API connection for ICD-11, the dropdown approach was used. However, ICD-11 is not designed to function as a dropdown-based classification, making data entry cumbersome and inefficient.
- **Dual Data Entry Burden:** As Bangladesh’s national health statistics are still produced using ICD-10, hospitals using ICD-11 in DHIS2 were also required to enter the same data in ICD-10. This double data entry requirement led to frustration among healthcare workers, resulting in low motivation to input ICD-11 data.
- **Future System Constraints:** Given that ICD-11 was not intended to be used as dropdown selections, it became evident that long-term implementation should focus on full-fledged hospital automation rather than manual input into DHIS2.
### 3. Inconsistent MCCOD Data Entry
In Bangladesh, routine health information system (HIS) data is formulated by a statistician, while MCCOD data entry is performed by a nurse from the inpatient department. Regardless of the HIS platform (OpenMRS or DHIS2), nurses had to enter the same data twice. This redundancy led to minimal data entry for MCCOD. However, OPD and emergency departments performed well because physicians use the automation system in real time, eliminating redundant data entry and additional workload for them.
## Lessons Learned and Next Steps
The pilot phase provided crucial insights into the strengths and limitations of ICD-11 integration in Bangladesh’s healthcare system. The key takeaways shaped the country’s next phase of implementation.
### 1. Establishing a Central Terminology Registry
Bangladesh is in the process of formulating a **Central Terminology Registry**, which will adopt ICD-11 for coding symptoms, signs, diagnoses, and medications. This initiative paves the way for nationwide expansion of ICD-11 implementation in hospitals equipped with automation systems.
#### Why ICD-11 for the Terminology Registry?
- **Free of Cost** – No licensing fees are required, making it a cost-effective solution.
- **Global Community Support** – ICD-11 is backed by a robust global community, ensuring continuous updates and improvements.
- **Ready Technology** – WHO has provided APIs and tools that facilitate seamless integration with existing health information systems.
### 2. Switching to Localized ICD-11 Deployment
Initially, ICD-11 was deployed using the WHO ICD-11 API. However, Bangladesh is now transitioning to a **localized Docker container deployment**. This shift significantly reduces dependency on internet connectivity, ensuring a more stable and efficient system for hospitals, especially in remote areas.
### 3. Scaling Up ICD-11 to 150 Hospitals
Building on the lessons from the pilot phase, Bangladesh plans to **expand ICD-11 implementation to 150 hospitals** that have hospital automation systems. This expansion will facilitate the integration of ICD-11 data directly into a central shareable health record repository, eliminating the need for duplicate data entry into DHIS2.
### 4. Future of DHIS2 and ICD-11 Integration
- **MCCOD Application Adoption:** In DHIS2, the WHO MCCOD app with ICD-11 API will be adopted for mortality coding.
- **Exploring Custom Morbidity Apps:** If a customized app for morbidity coding with ICD-11 API becomes available, Bangladesh will integrate it into DHIS2. Otherwise, ICD-10 will continue to be used for morbidity coding, but a **mapping system** will be developed to transition ICD-10 data into ICD-11 over time.
### 5. Capacity Building for ICD-11 Data Analysis
Bangladesh recognizes the need for **capacity building** in analyzing data coded with ICD-11. Training healthcare professionals and statisticians in **interpreting and utilizing ICD-11-coded data** effectively will be essential for decision-making and policy development.
### 6. Gradual Phase-Out of DHIS2 for Hospital-Based Coding
Over time, as hospital automation systems expand, **ICD-11 data will be directly recorded in these systems**. DHIS2 will gradually be phased out for individual patient coding but will continue to serve **program-specific purposes and aggregate data collection** at the national level.
## Conclusion
Bangladesh’s transition from ICD-10 to ICD-11 represents a **significant leap** in modernizing the country’s health information system. While the pilot phase revealed implementation challenges, it also provided a roadmap for future scaling. By addressing **data synchronization issues, reducing dependency on internet-based APIs, eliminating redundant data entry, and strengthening capacity building** for ICD-11 data analysis, Bangladesh aims to **enhance healthcare coding efficiency, improve statistical accuracy, and align with global health standards** for morbidity and mortality reporting.

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PrivacyPolicySHR.md
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## Privacy Policy for Shareable Health Record (SHR) Bangladesh ##
**Effective Date:** December 18, 2024
**1\. Introduction**
The Shareable Health Record (SHR) system is a centralized digital platform developed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of Bangladesh.Its purpose is to securely collect, store, and share citizens' health information to enhance healthcare services nationwide.
**2\. Information We Collect**
We collect the following types of information:
- **Personal Identification Information:** Name, date of birth, gender, contact details, National ID (NID), Birth Registration Number (BRN), and Unique Health ID.
- **Health Information:** Medical history, diagnoses, medications, laboratory results, imaging reports, and other health-related data.
- **Demographic Information:** Address, occupation, and other relevant socio-economic data.
**3\. How We Use Your Information**
The information collected is used to:
- **Create Personal Health Profiles (PHP):** Consolidate all medical encounters into a single, unified health record accessible with your consent.
- **Facilitate Health Information Exchange (HIE):** Enable secure sharing of health data among authorized healthcare providers to improve patient care.
- **Enhance Healthcare Services:** Support data-driven decision-making to improve public health outcomes and policy formulation.
**4\. Information Sharing and Disclosure**
We may share your information with:
- **Authorized Healthcare Providers:** To ensure continuity of care and informed medical decision-making.
- **Government Health Agencies:** For public health monitoring and policy development.
- **Research Institutions:** For health research purposes, with all personal identifiers removed to ensure anonymity.
**5\. Data Security and Privacy**
We are committed to protecting your personal health information through:
- **Encryption:** All data is encrypted during transmission and storage to prevent unauthorized access.
- **Access Controls:** Only authorized personnel have access to your information, based on their role and necessity.
- **Regular Audits:** We conduct regular security assessments to identify and mitigate potential risks.
**6\. Your Rights**
You have the right to:
- **Access Your Information:** View your personal health profile through the SHR platform.
- **Request Corrections:** Seek amendments to any inaccuracies in your health records.
- **Withdraw Consent:** Limit or revoke consent for sharing your health information, subject to legal and operational constraints.
**7\. Changes to This Privacy Policy**
We may update this privacy policy periodically to reflect changes in our practices or legal requirements. Any significant changes will be communicated through our website.
**8\. Contact Us**
If you have any questions or concerns about this privacy policy or your personal health information, please contact us at:
- **Email:** [info@shr.dghs.gov.bd](mailto:info@shr.dghs.gov.bd)
- **Address:** Directorate General of Health Services, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.
By using the SHR system, you acknowledge that you have read and understood this privacy policy and agree to the collection and use of your information as described herein.

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## **Private Hospital Registration**
**Introduction**
The Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is working to ensure health services to all levels of the public in Bangladesh. The Hospitals and Clinics Branch of the DGHS is the regulatory branch of all government hospitals at secondary and tertiary levels and all private hospitals, clinics, diagnostic centers and blood banks in Bangladesh. This branch is working to ensure the quality of health services of the mentioned health service providers by keeping in mind the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and by coordinating with other branches of the DGHS and the departments of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. To this end, the Hospitals and Clinics Branch ensures all types of needs of government hospitals with 100 and above beds at the district and divisional levels located within Bangladesh and issues and renews licenses of all private hospitals, clinics, diagnostic centers and blood banks. This branch is working diligently to implement the operational plan called 'Hospital Service Management' in collaboration with the Line Director, Program Manager and Deputy Managers to make the 4th Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Program a success.
**Warning**
Any fraudulent use of this site will be considered a punishable offense under the Information and Communication Technology Act, 2006 or other applicable laws.
**General Instructions**
First, create an account in the name of your organization. Once the account is created, an SMS containing the registration number will be automatically sent to your mobile number. Activate your account using this registration number.
Save the email and password used for later work.
Fill in the fields marked with an asterisk (*) correctly and click on the 'Save' button. Once all the information is filled correctly, click on the 'Complete' tab and click on the 'Final Submit' button. Once you click on the 'Final Submit' button, there will be no opportunity to change any information.
After submitting the application, print the application and save it in your organization.
**Special Instructions for Private Hospital/Clinic**
1. For using the BMDC number of all doctors, use only mathematical numbers in English (Example: 12345).
2. In Payment Info, pay the revised license/renewal fee as per the latest circular issued by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and 15% VAT on the said fee as per the government instructions in a separate invoice form.
3. On the Upload page, upload the scanned copy of the owners' National Identity Card, Updated Trade License, TIN (New Organization)/Income Tax Certificate (Old Organization), VAT Registration Number, Environmental Clearance Certificate, Narcotic Permit (where applicable), Waste Management (Harmful and Non-Harmful) Agreement and Invoice.
4. Prepare a book by adding the following documents (certified) and store it in your organization. Which will be audited during the inspection:-
* List of currently running service activities
* In the case of special services, the number of beds for each, list of specialist doctors, nurses, helpers providing the service, list of equipment
* List of all surgeries currently performed
* List of all the equipment in the operating room with the signature of the head of the organization.
* Name, address, photo of specialist doctor, registration by BMDC, specialist certificate, appointment and joining/consent letter
* Name, address, photo of doctor on duty, registration, appointment and joining letter by BMDC
* Name, address, photo of nurses on duty, registration, appointment and joining letter by Nursing Council
* Name, address, photo of cleaning staff, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate
* Name, address, photo of other officers and employees, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate
**Special Instructions for Diagnostic Center**
1. For all doctors, use only mathematical numbers in English (Example: 12345) when using BMDC numbers.
2. In Payment Info, pay the revised license/renewal fee as per the latest circular issued by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and 15% VAT on the said fee as per the government instructions in a separate invoice form.
3. On the Upload page, upload the scanned copy of the owners' National Identity Card, Updated Trade License, TIN (New Organization)/Income Tax Certificate (Old Organization), VAT Registration Number, Environmental Clearance Certificate, Narcotic Permit (where applicable), Waste Management (Harmful and Innocent) Agreement and Invoice.
4. Prepare a book by adding the following documents (certified) and store it in your organization. Which will be inspected during the inspection:-
* List of currently running tests
* Name, address, photo of specialist doctor, registration by BMDC, specialist certificate, appointment and joining/consent letter
* Name, address, photo of report giver, registration by BMDC, specialist certificate, appointment and joining/consent letter
* Name, address, photo, registration certificate, appointment and joining letter of medical technologists
* Name, address, photo, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate of cleaning staff
* Name, address, photo, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate
* Name, address, photo, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate of other officers and employees
**Special Instructions for Blood Bank**
1. For all doctors, use only mathematical numbers in English (Example: 12345) when using BMDC numbers.
2. In Payment Info, pay the inspection fee, license/renewal fee as per Safe Blood Transfusion Rules‍, 2008 and 15% VAT on the said fee as per government instructions in a separate invoice form and provide the information.
3. On the Upload page, upload the owners' National Identity Card, Updated Trade License, TIN (New Organization)/Income Tax Certificate (Old Organization), VAT Registration Number, Environmental Clearance Certificate, Waste Management (Harmful and Non-Harmful) Agreement, Postgraduate Certificate of Blood Transfusion Specialist, Appointment/Joining/Consent Letter of Blood Transfusion Specialist and scanned copy of the invoice.
4. Prepare a book by adding the following documents (attested) and store it in your organization. Which will be inspected during the inspection:-
* Name, address, photo of the specialist doctor, registration by BMDC, specialist certificate, appointment and joining/consent letter
* Name, address, photo of the doctor on duty, registration, appointment and joining letter by BMDC
* Name, address, photo, registration certificate, educational certificate, appointment and joining letter of blood transfusion technologists
* Name, address, photo, registration certificate, educational certificate, appointment and joining letter of nurses on duty
* Name, address, photo, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate of lab attendants
* Name, address, photo, educational qualification, appointment and joining letter and experience certificate of other officers and employees

133
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@ -107,77 +107,72 @@ However, the online centralized solution is being tested in three hospitals to a
There are several hospitals have been automated by OpenMRS Plus.
**Automated hospital list:**
# Automated by OpenMRS+ hospital list and Automation Start Dates
# Hospital Automation Start Date
| S/I | Hospital and Other Information | Automation Start Date | Vendor Information |
|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------------|
| 1 | Gopalganj 250 Bed General Hospital | 07/06/17 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 2 | Muksudpur Upazila Health Complex | 15/08/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 3 | Kashiani Upazila Health Complex | 22/10/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 4 | Kotalipara Upazila Health Complex | 09/12/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 5 | Tungipara Upazila Health Complex | 04/01/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 6 | Singair Upazila Health Complex | 02/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 7 | Harirampur Upazila Health Complex | 15/08/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 8 | Shibalaya Upazila Health Complex | 01/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 9 | Saturia Upazila Health Complex | 20/10/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 10 | 250 Bed General Hospital, Kishoreganj | 01/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 11 | Bhairab Upazila Health Complex | 03/03/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 12 | Tarail Upazila Health Complex | 09/01/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 13 | Mithamoin Upazila Health Complex | 27/05/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 14 | Katiadi Upazila Health Complex | 16/12/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 15 | Pakundia Upazila Health Complex | 04/02/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 16 | Khulna 250 Bed General Hospital, Khulna | 21/07/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 17 | Paikgacha Upazila Health Complex | 20/02/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 18 | General Hospital Cumilla | 12/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 19 | Muradnagar Upazila Health Complex | 04/04/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 20 | Burichong Upazila Health Complex | 14/03/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 21 | Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex | 01/08/23 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 22 | Barguna District Hospital | 01/12/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 23 | Amtali Upazila Health Complex | 02/02/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 24 | Betagi Upazila Health Complex | 20/02/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 25 | Patharghata Upazila Health Complex | 20/06/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 26 | Netrokona Sadar Hospital | 23/01/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 27 | Shibchar Upazila Health Complex | 03/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 28 | Rajoir Upazila Health Complex | 17/04/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 29 | Dacope Upazila Health Complex | 03/06/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 30 | Dumuria Upazila Health Complex | 01/08/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 31 | Jhenaidah District Hospital | 28/10/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 32 | Mohanganj Upazila Health Complex | 13/10/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 33 | Kotchandpur Upazila Health Complex | 02/01/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 34 | Harinakunda Upazila Health Complex | 15/08/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 35 | Barhatta Upazila Health Complex | 31/03/22 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 36 | Gofargaon Upazila Health Complex | 21/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 37 | Muktagacha Upazila Health Complex | 01/12/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 38 | Fenchuganj Upazila Health Complex | 21/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 39 | Biswanath Upazila Health Complex | 03/07/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 40 | Sylhet Shahid Shamsuddin Ahmed District Hospital | 01/11/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 41 | Beanibazar Upazila Health Complex | 25/02/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 42 | South Surma Upazila Health Complex | 10/07/24 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 43 | Domar Upazila Health Complex | 21/03/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 44 | Dimla Upazila Health Complex | 25/03/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 45 | Kishoreganj Upazila Health Complex | 11/01/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 46 | Nilphamari District Hospital | 07/03/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 47 | Jaldhaka Upazila Health Complex | 10/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 48 | Pirganj Upazila Health Complex | 04/01/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 49 | Gurudashpur Upazila Health Complex | 08/09/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 50 | Natore District Hospital | 01/12/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 51 | Singra Upazila Health Complex | 09/02/21 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 52 | Sheikh Fazilatunnessa Mujib Eye Hospital & Training Institute | 01/02/24 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 53 | Kaliganj Upazila Health Complex | 01/07/20 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 54 | Kaliakair Upazila Health Complex | 2024 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 55 | Kapasia Upazila Health Complex | 2024 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 56 | Araihazar Upazila Health Complex | 21/03/24 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 57 | Manikganj 250 Bed District Hospital | 27/05/24 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 58 | National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bangladesh (NICVD) | 13/06/13 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 59 | National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) | 01/01/13 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 60 | National Center for Control of Rheumatic Fever & Heart Disease | 2024 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| 61 | Gopalganj Eye Hospital And Training Institute | 01/02/24 | Crystal Technology Bangladesh Ltd. |
| S/I | Hospital and Others Information | Automation Start Date |
|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| 1 | Gopalganj 250 Bed General Hospital | 07/06/2017 |
| 2 | Muksudpur Upazila Health Complex | 15/08/2020 |
| 3 | Kashiani Upazila Health Complex | 22 October 2020 |
| 4 | Kotalipara Upazila Health Complex | 09/12/2020 |
| 5 | Tungipara Upazila Health Complex | 04-01-2020 |
| 6 | Singair Upazila Health Complex | 02/01/2021 |
| 7 | Harirampur Upazila Health Complex | 15-08-2020 |
| 8 | Shibalaya Upazila Health Complex | 01/01/2021 |
| 9 | Saturia Upazila Health Complex | 20/10/2020 |
| 10 | 250 Bed General Hospital, Kishoreganj | 01/01/2021 |
| 11 | Bhairab Upazila Health Complex | 03/03/2021 |
| 12 | Tarail Upazila Health Complex | 09/01/2020 |
| 13 | Mithamoin Upazila Health Complex | 27/05/2020 |
| 14 | Katiadi Upazila Health Complex | 12/16/2020 |
| 15 | Pakundia Upazila Health Complex | 4 February 2021 |
| 16 | Khulna 250 Bed General Hospital, Khulna | 21-07-2020 |
| 17 | Paikgacha Upazila Health Complex | |
| 18 | General Hospital Cumilla | 12-01-2021 |
| 19 | Muradnagar Upazila Health Complex | 04/04/2021 |
| 20 | Burichong Upazila Health Complex | 14-03-2022 |
| 21 | Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex | August 01, 2023 |
| 22 | Barguna District Hospital | 01-12-2020 |
| 23 | Amtali Upazila Health Complex | 02-02-2022 |
| 24 | Betagi Upazila Health Complex | 20/02/2022 |
| 25 | Patharghata Upazila Health Complex | 20/06/2022 |
| 26 | Netrokona Sadar Hospital | 23-01-2022 |
| 27 | Shibchar Upazila Health Complex | 03/01/2021 |
| 28 | Rajoir Upazila Health Complex | 17/04/2021 |
| 29 | Dacope Upazila Health Complex | 03-06-2021 |
| 30 | Dumuria Upazila Health Complex | 01/08/2021 |
| 31 | Jhenaidah District Hospital | 28/10/2020 |
| 32 | Mohanganj Upazila Health Complex | 13 Oct 2021 |
| 33 | Kotchandpur Upazila Health Complex | 02-01-2020 |
| 34 | Harinakunda Upazila Health Complex | 15-08-2020 |
| 35 | Barhatta Upazila Health Complex | 31/03/2022 |
| 36 | Gofargaon Upazila Health Complex | 21/01/2021 |
| 37 | Muktagacha Upazila Health Complex | 01/12/2020 |
| 38 | Fenchuganj Upazila Health Complex | |
| 39 | Biswanath Upazila Health Complex | 03 July 2021 |
| 40 | Sylhet Shahid Shamsuddin Ahmed District Hospital | 01-11-2020 |
| 41 | Beanibazar Upazila Health Complex | 25/02/2021 |
| 42 | South Surma Upazila Health Complex | |
| 43 | Domar Upazila Health Complex | 21 March, 2021 |
| 44 | Dimla Upazila Health Complex | 25th March, 2021 |
| 45 | Kishoreganj Upazila Health Complex | 11-01-2020 |
| 46 | Nilphamari District Hospital | 07 March 2021 |
| 47 | Jaldhaka Upazila Health Complex | 10-01-2021 |
| 48 | Pirganj Upazila Health Complex | 4th Jan, 2021 |
| 49 | Gurudashpur Upazila Health Complex | 8/9/2020 |
| 50 | Natore District Hospital | 1/12/2020 |
| 51 | Singra Upazila Health Complex | 09/02/2021 |
| 52 | Gopalganj Eye Hospital And Training Institute | 01-02-2024 |
| 53 | Kaliganj Upazila Health Complex | 01/07/2020 |
| 54 | Kaliakair Upazila Health Complex | 2024 |
| 55 | Kapasia Upazila Health Complex | 2024 |
| 56 | Araihazar Upazila Health Complex | 03-21-2024 |
| 57 | Manikganj 250 Bed District Hospital | 27/05/2024 |
| 58 | National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bangladesh (NICVD) | |
| 59 | National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation(NITOR) | 2013 |
| 60 | National Center for Control of Rheumatic Fever & Heart Disease | 2024 |
***
**FAQs: Can we see the hospital/facility wise patient data?**
We can view hospital-wise total patient information and billing information through the SHR dashboard. It's contain hospital-wise patient OPD registration, Emergency registration, provider-wise consultant patient data, male-female ratio, area-wise diagnosis information, laboratory test-wise billing information, department-wise collection information, Bed occupancy rate, facility-wise bed status, etc. But it's not public. Because it contains sensitive information, only an authorized user can view hospital-wise patient data.
SHR dashboard url: http://shrdashboard.dghs.gov.bd:5985/
* * *
**Conclusion**
The implementation of OpenMRS+ across 100 public hospitals in Bangladesh demonstrates how tailored technological solutions can address infrastructure challenges and improve healthcare outcomes. The initiative showcases a pragmatic approach to overcoming connectivity limitations through the dual deployment modalities—on-premise servers and centralized online solutions—positioning Bangladesh as a leader in leveraging digital technology for enhanced public healthcare.

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@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
# VaxEPI: Integrated Vaccine Registration & Vaccination Information (Bangladesh)
## 1) What VaxEPI Is (Overview)
VaxEPI is Bangladesh DGHS’s public-facing portal (introduced in **2024**) for **integrated vaccine registration** and **vaccination information management**. It covers both **routine EPI** (Expanded Programme on Immunization) and **special campaigns**. VaxEPI is a **single-time registration** system: a child is registered once and remains trackable across programs and facilities. Registration is verified against the **Birth Registration Number (BRN)** to ensure identity integrity and deduplication.
VaxEPI is interoperable with the national **Shareable Health Record (SHR)**, so each registered child receives a **Unique Health ID**; all vaccination events appear in the **Health Information Exchange (HIE)** for authorized use. Families receive a **vaccine card with a QR code**; vaccinators record doses and scan the QR to update the central record. Digital **vaccination certificates** are made available via the [VaxEPI portal](https://vaxepi.gov.bd), following EHR-style access patterns. Special campaigns such as **HPV**, **TCV (Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine)**, and **meningitis vaccine for Hajj pilgrims** are also managed through VaxEPI.
**Retrieval cues:** “single-time registration”, “BRN verification”, “SHR Unique Health ID”, “QR vaccine card”, “routine EPI + campaigns”, “digital certificate”, “HIE availability”.
---
## 2) Core Objectives
* **Universal, deduplicated identity for children** via BRN → SHR → Unique Health ID.
* **Continuity of care**: one longitudinal vaccination timeline per child across facilities.
* **Operational efficiency**: unified workflows for routine and campaign activities.
* **Data quality & exchange**: real-time updates to HIE; fewer missed doses/duplicates.
* **Citizen convenience**: QR-coded card and downloadable vaccination certificate.
---
## 3) Scope & Program Coverage
* **Routine EPI**: BCG, OPV/IPV, Penta, PCV, MR, etc. (country schedule applies).
* **Special campaigns**: **HPV**, **TCV**, and **meningitis/Hajj** drives, plus other MoHFW/DGHS-approved campaigns.
* **Population focus**: primarily **children**; program extensions may include adolescents or adults for specific campaigns (e.g., Hajj).
---
## 4) Identity & Registration Model
**Inputs:** Child’s **BRN**, name (Bangla/English), date of birth, sex, guardian details, address/upazila/district, contact number(s).
**Verification:** Online verification of **BRN** (preventing duplicates).
**Linkage:** On successful registration, VaxEPI requests/receives a **Unique Health ID** from **SHR**.
**Artifacts:** **QR-coded vaccine card** (physical and/or digital).
**Card Use:** QR encodes persistent identifiers (e.g., Health ID and VaxEPI record ID) to enable fast retrieval and updates at point of care.
---
## 5) Vaccination Workflow (Facility & Field)
1. **Presentation:** Caregiver brings the child and **QR card** to a session (facility or outreach).
2. **Assessment:** Vaccinator reviews **due/overdue doses** (per age and schedule) in VaxEPI.
3. **Administration:** Vaccine is given; **dose details** are recorded (vaccine code, dose #, lot/batch, expiry, route, site).
4. **Update:** Vaccinator **scans the QR**; VaxEPI loads the child record and **posts the dose event**.
5. **Sync & Exchange:** Event is written to VaxEPI and **propagated to HIE/SHR**.
6. **Certificate:** A refreshed **digital vaccination certificate** becomes available in the portal.
---
## 6) Citizen Experience
* **Discoverability:** Public portal for registration and certificate download.
* **Proof of vaccination:** **QR-coded card**; digital **certificate** view/print.
* **Portability:** Records visible across facilities due to SHR Health ID.
* **Notifications (if enabled):** SMS or portal prompts for upcoming/overdue doses.
---
## 7) Interoperability & Data Exchange
* **SHR (Shareable Health Record):** creation/lookup of **Unique Health ID**.
* **HIE (Health Information Exchange):** publishes vaccination events for authorized systems.
* **Standards & semantics:** consistent vaccine codes, dose definitions, and schedule logic to support analytics and exchange.
* **Result:** Authorized providers and national analytics can **query longitudinal vaccination history** for service continuity and planning.
---
## 8) Special Campaigns (HPV, TCV, Hajj Meningitis)
* **Registration:** Uses the **same child record** (no duplicate accounts).
* **Targeting:** Eligibility computed by **age/sex/risk group** (e.g., adolescent girls for **HPV**, child age bands for **TCV**, **pilgrim status** for Hajj).
* **Delivery:** VaxEPI supports **bulk session lists**, on-site verification via **QR**, and rapid **dose posting**.
* **Reporting:** Campaign-specific dashboards can aggregate coverage, dropout, and stock usage.
---
## 9) Governance, Roles & Access
* **DGHS/MIS ownership**; national data stewardship.
* **Roles:** Registrar (front desk), Vaccinator, Facility Manager, District/Upazila EPI Manager, National Analyst.
* **Access controls:** Role-based permissions for read/write; certificate access controlled via authenticated portal flow and/or verifiable QR link.
* **Auditability:** All vaccination events and edits have **provenance** (who/when/where).
---
## 10) Data Quality & Safety Nets
* **Identity deduplication:** BRN check at registration; “possible duplicate” flags.
* **Schedule validation:** Client-side/server-side checks for **age-appropriate** dosing and minimum intervals.
* **Lot controls:** Prevent posting events for **expired** lots; require lot/batch.
* **Correction workflow:** Voiding/mending mis-entries with reason and audit trail.
---
## 11) Privacy & Security (High Level)
* **PII handling:** Minimal necessary disclosure; **BRN** and **Health ID** protected.
* **QR contents:** Encodes identifiers or verifiable token, not full PII.
* **Transport/storage:** Encrypted channels; secure storage per national policy.
* **Access:** Role-based access; certificate retrieval bound to guardian verification or QR proof.
---
## 12) Typical User Journeys
**A) First-time Registration**
1. Guardian opens [VaxEPI](https://vaxepi.gov.bd) → enters **BRN** and child details → system verifies BRN.
2. VaxEPI fetches/assigns **Unique Health ID (SHR)**.
3. VaxEPI issues **QR-coded vaccine card**; child appears on due-list.
**B) Dose Administration**
1. Child presents **QR card** → vaccinator scans → due doses displayed.
2. Dose given → vaccinator records details → **event saved** → **HIE updated**.
3. Certificate refreshed → guardian can **download** from portal.
**C) Special Campaign (e.g., HPV)**
1. Eligibility auto-determined → session roster generated.
2. On site, **QR scan** retrieves record → dose posted.
3. Coverage reports update in near-real time.
---
## 13) Frequently Asked Clarifications (for RAG)
* **Q:** Is VaxEPI only for routine EPI?
**A:** No. It supports **routine EPI** and **special campaigns** (HPV, TCV, Hajj meningitis).
* **Q:** Do parents need to register for every campaign?
**A:** **No.** VaxEPI is **single-time registration**; campaigns reuse the same **Health ID**.
* **Q:** How is identity verified?
**A:** Via **Birth Registration Number (BRN)**; then linked to **SHR** to issue a **Unique Health ID**.
* **Q:** How are vaccination events captured?
**A:** Vaccinator **scans the QR card** and records details; the system posts to VaxEPI and **HIE**.
* **Q:** Where can I get the vaccination certificate?
**A:** From the **VaxEPI portal** at [https://vaxepi.gov.bd](https://vaxepi.gov.bd), updated after each dose.
* **Q:** What if a dose was recorded incorrectly?
**A:** There is a **void/correction** process with full **audit trail**.
---
## 14) Abbreviation Glossary
* **BRN:** Birth Registration Number
* **DGHS:** Directorate General of Health Services
* **EHR:** Electronic Health Record
* **EPI:** Expanded Programme on Immunization
* **HIE:** Health Information Exchange
* **HPV:** Human Papillomavirus vaccine (campaign)
* **MoHFW:** Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
* **QR:** Quick Response code
* **SHR:** Shareable Health Record
* **TCV:** Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine
---
## 15) One-Paragraph Summary (for fallback retrieval)
VaxEPI (launched 2024 by DGHS/MIS) is Bangladesh’s integrated portal for vaccine registration and vaccination information, covering routine EPI and special campaigns (HPV, TCV, Hajj meningitis). Registration is verified by BRN; each child is issued a Unique Health ID from the national Shareable Health Record (SHR). Vaccinators give doses and scan a QR-coded vaccine card to update the record; events sync to the Health Information Exchange (HIE). Families can download an up-to-date digital vaccination certificate from the [VaxEPI portal](https://vaxepi.gov.bd). VaxEPI’s single-time registration, SHR linkage, and QR-based point-of-care updates make it a cornerstone of Bangladesh’s digital health implementation.