transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/gemma3.md

Gemma 3

Gemma 3 is a multimodal model with pretrained and instruction-tuned variants, available in 1B, 13B, and 27B parameters. The architecture is mostly the same as the previous Gemma versions. The key differences are alternating 5 local sliding window self-attention layers for every global self-attention layer, support for a longer context length of 128K tokens, and a SigLip encoder that can "pan & scan" high-resolution images to prevent information from disappearing in high resolution images or images with non-square aspect ratios.

The instruction-tuned variant was post-trained with knowledge distillation and reinforcement learning.

You can find all the original Gemma 3 checkpoints under the Gemma 3 release.

Tip

Click on the Gemma 3 models in the right sidebar for more examples of how to apply Gemma to different vision and language tasks.

The example below demonstrates how to generate text based on an image with [Pipeline] or the [AutoModel] class.

import torch
from transformers import pipeline

pipeline = pipeline(
    task="image-text-to-text",
    model="google/gemma-3-4b-pt",
    device=0,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16
)
pipeline(
    "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg",
    text="<start_of_image> What is shown in this image?"
)

import torch
from transformers import AutoProcessor, Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration

model = Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
    "google/gemma-3-4b-it",
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
    attn_implementation="sdpa"
)
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(
    "google/gemma-3-4b-it",
    padding_side="left"
)

messages = [
    {
        "role": "system",
        "content": [
            {"type": "text", "text": "You are a helpful assistant."}
        ]
    },
    {
        "role": "user", "content": [
            {"type": "image", "url": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg"},
            {"type": "text", "text": "What is shown in this image?"},
        ]
    },
]
inputs = processor.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=True,
    return_dict=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
    add_generation_prompt=True,
).to("cuda")

output = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=50, cache_implementation="static")
print(processor.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

echo -e "Plants create energy through a process known as" | transformers run --task text-generation --model google/gemma-3-1b-pt --device 0

Quantization reduces the memory burden of large models by representing the weights in a lower precision. Refer to the Quantization overview for more available quantization backends.

The example below uses torchao to only quantize the weights to int4.

# pip install torchao
import torch
from transformers import TorchAoConfig, Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration, AutoProcessor

quantization_config = TorchAoConfig("int4_weight_only", group_size=128)
model = Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(
    "google/gemma-3-27b-it",
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto",
    quantization_config=quantization_config
)
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(
    "google/gemma-3-27b-it",
    padding_side="left"
)

messages = [
    {
        "role": "system",
        "content": [
            {"type": "text", "text": "You are a helpful assistant."}
        ]
    },
    {
        "role": "user", "content": [
            {"type": "image", "url": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg"},
            {"type": "text", "text": "What is shown in this image?"},
        ]
    },
]
inputs = processor.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    tokenize=True,
    return_dict=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
    add_generation_prompt=True,
).to("cuda")

output = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=50, cache_implementation="static")
print(processor.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

Use the AttentionMaskVisualizer to better understand what tokens the model can and cannot attend to.

from transformers.utils.attention_visualizer import AttentionMaskVisualizer

visualizer = AttentionMaskVisualizer("google/gemma-3-4b-it")
visualizer("<img>What is shown in this image?")

Notes

• Use [Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration] for image-and-text and image-only inputs.

• Gemma 3 supports multiple input images, but make sure the images are correctly batched before passing them to the processor. Each batch should be a list of one or more images.

  url_cow = "https://media.istockphoto.com/id/1192867753/photo/cow-in-berchida-beach-siniscola.jpg?s=612x612&w=0&k=20&c=v0hjjniwsMNfJSuKWZuIn8pssmD5h5bSN1peBd1CmH4="
  url_cat = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg"
  
  messages =[
      {
          "role": "system",
          "content": [
              {"type": "text", "text": "You are a helpful assistant."}
          ]
      },
      {
          "role": "user",
          "content": [
              {"type": "image", "url": url_cow},
              {"type": "image", "url": url_cat},
              {"type": "text", "text": "Which image is cuter?"},
          ]
      },
  ]
  

• Text passed to the processor should have a <start_of_image> token wherever an image should be inserted.

• The processor has its own [~ProcessorMixin.apply_chat_template] method to convert chat messages to model inputs.

• By default, images aren't cropped and only the base image is forwarded to the model. In high resolution images or images with non-square aspect ratios, artifacts can result because the vision encoder uses a fixed resolution of 896x896. To prevent these artifacts and improve performance during inference, set do_pan_and_scan=True to crop the image into multiple smaller patches and concatenate them with the base image embedding. You can disable pan and scan for faster inference.

  inputs = processor.apply_chat_template(
      messages,
      tokenize=True,
      return_dict=True,
      return_tensors="pt",
      add_generation_prompt=True,
  +   do_pan_and_scan=True,
      ).to("cuda")
  

• For Gemma-3 1B checkpoint trained in text-only mode, use [AutoModelForCausalLM] instead.

  import torch
  from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
  
  tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
      "google/gemma-3-1b-pt",
  )
  model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
      "google/gemma-3-1b-pt",
      torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
      device_map="auto",
      attn_implementation="sdpa"
  )
  input_ids = tokenizer("Plants create energy through a process known as", return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
  
  output = model.generate(**input_ids, cache_implementation="static")
  print(tokenizer.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
  

Gemma3ImageProcessor

autodoc Gemma3ImageProcessor

Gemma3ImageProcessorFast

autodoc Gemma3ImageProcessorFast

Gemma3Processor

autodoc Gemma3Processor

Gemma3TextConfig

autodoc Gemma3TextConfig

Gemma3Config

autodoc Gemma3Config

Gemma3TextModel

autodoc Gemma3TextModel - forward

Gemma3Model

autodoc Gemma3Model

Gemma3ForCausalLM

autodoc Gemma3ForCausalLM - forward

Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration

autodoc Gemma3ForConditionalGeneration - forward