forked from riaz.somc/chatbot-knowledge
Compare commits
6 Commits
mis-branch
...
main
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6cf554b57d | |||
| b25b6fd7d6 | |||
|
945fda573e | ||
|
|
ac74b9d478 | ||
|
|
1039d8d38b | ||
| 643fca58c0 |
94
HealthCarefinancing.md
Normal file
94
HealthCarefinancing.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
|
|||||||
|
**Health Financing and Programs in Bangladesh**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**1\. Health Financing Overview**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Household Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Expenditure**: Largest financing area, accounting for 68.5% of Total Health Expenditure (THE) in 2020.
|
||||||
|
- Majority spent at pharmacies/retail drug outlets (64.6%), followed by medical and diagnostic labs (11.7%).
|
||||||
|
- **Total Health Expenditure (THE)**:
|
||||||
|
- BDT 777 billion in 2020 (2.8% of GDP).
|
||||||
|
- Per-capita THE: BDT 4,578 ($54).
|
||||||
|
- Current Health Expenditure (CHE): BDT 719 billion (2.6% of GDP), Per-capita CHE: BDT 4,239 ($50).
|
||||||
|
- Pharmaceutical Expenditure: BDT 389 billion (50% of THE).
|
||||||
|
- **Bangladesh’s Health Budget**:
|
||||||
|
- FY 2023-2024: BDT 38,052 crore (5% of the national budget).
|
||||||
|
- Increment: 3.23% higher than the previous fiscal year.
|
||||||
|
- **Trends in THE**:
|
||||||
|
- Per-capita THE increased from $10 to $54 over 20 years.
|
||||||
|
- Steady share of GDP: 2.8%-3% in the last decade.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**2\. Disease-Specific Expenditures (2020)**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Total recurrent expenditure: BDT 69,000 crore.
|
||||||
|
- **Top Disease Categories** (ICD-10 classification):
|
||||||
|
1. Diseases of musculoskeletal system: BDT 9,461 crore.
|
||||||
|
2. Digestive system: BDT 8,872 crore.
|
||||||
|
3. Circulatory system: BDT 8,865 crore.
|
||||||
|
4. Symptoms/signs not elsewhere classified: BDT 8,010 crore.
|
||||||
|
5. Respiratory system: BDT 5,395 crore.
|
||||||
|
- These categories represent 65% of the total disease burden.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**3\. Pharmaceutical Expenditure (2020)**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Household financing: 93.89% of total pharmaceutical expenditure.
|
||||||
|
- Major contributors to expenditure:
|
||||||
|
1. Musculoskeletal diseases.
|
||||||
|
2. Circulatory diseases.
|
||||||
|
3. Digestive diseases.
|
||||||
|
- Gender-based share:
|
||||||
|
1. Male: 39%
|
||||||
|
2. Female: 61%
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**4\. Bangladesh Essential Service Package (ESP)**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Total expenditure in 2020: BDT 380 billion (48.8% of THE).
|
||||||
|
- Core services:
|
||||||
|
1. Maternal, neonatal, child, and adolescent health: 42% of ESP.
|
||||||
|
2. Non-communicable diseases: 25%.
|
||||||
|
3. Communicable diseases: 6%.
|
||||||
|
4. Family planning: 4%.
|
||||||
|
5. Nutrition: 3%.
|
||||||
|
- Public vs Private Spending:
|
||||||
|
1. Public: 27%.
|
||||||
|
2. Private: 73%.
|
||||||
|
- **Per-Capita ESP Spending (2020)**:
|
||||||
|
1. Public: BDT 593.
|
||||||
|
2. Private: BDT 1,642.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**5\. Shasthyo Surokhsha Karmasuchi (SSK)**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Social health protection scheme for households below the poverty line (BPL).
|
||||||
|
- Services provided via:
|
||||||
|
- Upazila health complexes.
|
||||||
|
- Urban hospitals (e.g., Mugda Medical College Hospital).
|
||||||
|
- Innovations:
|
||||||
|
- Biometric SSK cards.
|
||||||
|
- IT integration for Electronic Health Records (EHR) and cashless transactions.
|
||||||
|
- **Progress (till March 2024)**:
|
||||||
|
- Registered households: 307,593.
|
||||||
|
- IPD patients served: 54,056.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**6\. Social Security Programs**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Share of government expenditure: 17.81% (2.65% of GDP).
|
||||||
|
- Coverage:
|
||||||
|
- 50% of households benefited in 2022, up from 28.7% in 2016.
|
||||||
|
- Programs include:
|
||||||
|
- Maternal and child health.
|
||||||
|
- Communicable and non-communicable disease control.
|
||||||
|
- Nutrition services.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**7\. Historical Trends in Health Programs**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **4th Health, Population, and Nutrition Sector Program (HPNSP)** (2017-2022):
|
||||||
|
- Total allocation: BDT 2,633,893.5 lakh.
|
||||||
|
- Total expenditure: BDT 2,050,238.7 lakh.
|
||||||
|
- Yearly progress (2023-2024): 42.57% of allocation utilized.
|
||||||
|
- Shift in financing:
|
||||||
|
- Increased demand-side financing for efficiency and equity.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**8\. Key Challenges and Insights**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- High reliance on OOP expenditure poses financial risks.
|
||||||
|
- Significant gender disparities in disease-specific spending.
|
||||||
|
- Slow increase in public health expenditure as a share of GDP.
|
||||||
|
- Rising focus on IT-based solutions for healthcare delivery (e.g., SSK program).
|
||||||
350
Telemedicine.md
350
Telemedicine.md
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
|
|||||||
|
**Telemedicine Services in Bangladesh (Government Facilities)**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Introduction & Background**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Population & Context**: Bangladesh has a population of over 180 million, with many living in rural areas lacking robust healthcare infrastructure.
|
||||||
|
- **Telemedicine Emergence**: The Ministry of Health & Welfare (MoHFW) launched the telemedicine system in 2010 to bridge rural-urban healthcare gaps.
|
||||||
|
- **COVID-19 Impact**: The need for remote healthcare surged during the pandemic, accelerating the push for telemedicine solutions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Current Status**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Digital Health Transformation**: Telemedicine is a flagship initiative under Bangladesh’s broader “Digital Health” strategy.
|
||||||
|
- **Facilities & Deployment**: As of 2023, **232 Telemedicine Centers** are operational:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**1\. 22 Centers as Both Providers and Receivers**:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 1. Nachol Upazila Health Complex (Chapai Nawabganj, Rajshahi)
|
||||||
|
2. Kotalipara Upazila Health Complex (Gopalganj, Dhaka)
|
||||||
|
3. Kashiani Upazila Health Complex (Gopalganj, Dhaka)
|
||||||
|
4. Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex (Cumilla, Chittagong)
|
||||||
|
5. Tanore Upazila Health Complex (Rajshahi, Rajshahi)
|
||||||
|
6. Modhupur Upazila Health Complex (Tangail, Dhaka)
|
||||||
|
7. Mithapukur Upazila Health Complex (Rangpur, Rangpur)
|
||||||
|
8. Banshkhali Upazila Health Complex (Chittagong, Chittagong)
|
||||||
|
9. Kazipur Upazila Health Complex (Sirajgonj, Rajshahi)
|
||||||
|
10. Panchbibi Upazila Health Complex (Joypurhat, Rajshahi)
|
||||||
|
11. Chakaria Upazila Health Complex (Cox's Bazar, Chittagong)
|
||||||
|
12. Rajarhat Upazila Health Complex (Kurigram, Rangpur)
|
||||||
|
13. Mongla Upazila Health Complex (Bagerhat, Khulna)
|
||||||
|
14. Panchari Upazila Health Complex (Khagrachhari, Chattogram)
|
||||||
|
15. Singair Upazila Health Complex (Manikganj, Dhaka)
|
||||||
|
16. Chilmari Upazila Health Complex (Kurigram, Rangpur)
|
||||||
|
17. Fenchuganj Upazila Health Complex (Sylhet, Sylhet)
|
||||||
|
18. Kaunia Upazila Health Complex (Rangpur, Rangpur)
|
||||||
|
19. Shibchar Upazila Health Complex (Madaripur, Dhaka)
|
||||||
|
20. Haripur Upazila Health Complex (Thakurgaon, Rangpur)
|
||||||
|
21. Subarnachar Upazila Health Complex (Noakhali, Chattogram)
|
||||||
|
22. Nasirnagar Upazila Health Complex (Brahmanbaria, Chattogram)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**2\. 194 Centers Exclusively as Recipients**:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Adamdighi Upazila Health Complex,Bogura,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
2. Ajmiriganj Upazila Health Complex,Habiganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
3. Akkelpur Upazila Health Complex,Joypurhat,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
4. Alikadam Upazila Health Complex,Bandarban,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
5. Amtali Upazila Health Complex,Barguna,Barishal
|
||||||
|
6. Anwara Upazila Health Complex,Chittagong,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
7. Ashuganj Upazila Health Complex,Brahmanbaria,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
8. Assasuni Upazila Health Complex,Satkhira,khulna
|
||||||
|
9. Bagherpara Upazila Health Complex,Jashore,Khulna
|
||||||
|
10. Baniachong Upazila Health Complex,Habiganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
11. Banshkhali Upazila Health Complex,Chittagong,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
12. Baraigram Upazila Health Complex,Natore,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
13. Barhatta Upazila Health Complex,Netrokona,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
14. Belabo Upazila Health Complex,Narsingdi,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
15. Barlekha Upazila Health Complex,Moulavibazar,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
16. Belkuchi Upazila Health Complex,Sirajganj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
17. Bera Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
18. Betagi Upazila Health Complex,Barguna,Barishal
|
||||||
|
19. Bhedarganj Upazila Health Complex,Shariatpur,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
20. Bhangura Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
21. Bheramara Upazila Health Complex,Kustia,Khulna
|
||||||
|
22. Bhurungamari Upazila Health Complex,Kurigram,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
23. Birampur Upazila Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
24. Birganj Upazila Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
25. Birol Upazilla Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
26. Bishwanath Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
27. Bochaganj Upazila Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
28. Boda Upazila Health Complex,Panchagarh,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
29. Borhanuddin Upazila Health Complex,Bhola,Barishal
|
||||||
|
30. Burichong Upazila Health Complex,Cumilla,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
31. Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex,Cumilla,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
32. Chakaria Upazila Health Complex,Cox's Bazar,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
33. Chandina Upazila Health Complex,Cumilla,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
34. Chatkhil Upazila Health Complex,Noakhali,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
35. Chatmohor Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
36. Chhatak Upazila Health Complex,Sunamgonj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
37. Charghat Upazila Health Complex,Rajshahi,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
38. Charfession Upazila Health Complex,Bhola,Barishal
|
||||||
|
39. Chhagalnaya Upazila Health Complex,Feni,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
40. Chilmari Upazila Health Complex,Kurigram,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
41. Chirirbandar Upazila Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
42. Chowgacha Upazila Health Complex,Jeshore,Khulna
|
||||||
|
43. Chunarughat Upazila Health Complex,Habiganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
44. Companiganj Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
45. Dacope Upazila Health Complex,Khulna,Khulna
|
||||||
|
46. Damurhuda Upazila Health Complex,Chuadanga,Khulna
|
||||||
|
47. Dashmina Upazila Health Complex,Patuakhali,Barishal
|
||||||
|
48. Daulatkhan Upazila Health Complex,Bhola,Barishal
|
||||||
|
49. Debhata Upazila Health Complex,Satkhira,Khulna
|
||||||
|
50. Debiganj Upazila Health Complex,Panchagarh,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
51. Derai Upazila Health Complex,Sunamganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
52. Dewanganj Upazila Health Complex,Jamalpur,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
53. Dharmapasha Upazila Health Complex,Sunamganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
54. Dhubaura Upazila Health Complex,Mymensingh,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
55. Dhunat Upazila Health Complex,Bogura,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
56. Dhupchachia Upazila Health Complex,Bogura,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
57. Dimla Upazila Health Complex,Nilphamari,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
58. Dighalia Upazila Health Complex,Khulna,Khulna
|
||||||
|
59. Dighinala Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
60. Domar Upazila Health Complex,Nilphamari,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
61. Dumuria Upazila Health Complex,Khulna,Khulna
|
||||||
|
62. Faridpur Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
63. Fenchuganj Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
64. Galachipa Upazila Health Complex,Patuakhali,Barishal
|
||||||
|
65. Ghatail Upazila Health Complex,Tangail,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
66. Godagari Upazila Health Complex,Rajshahi,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
67. Gournadi Upazila Health Complex,Barishal,Barishal
|
||||||
|
68. Gowainghat Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
69. Gurudashpur Upazila Health Complex,Natore,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
70. Haimchar Upazila Health Complex,Chandpur,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
71. Haluaghat Upazila Health Complex,Mymensingh,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
72. Harinakunda Upazila Health Complex,Jhenaidah,Khulna
|
||||||
|
73. Haripur Upazila Health Complex,Thakurgaon,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
74. Harirampur Upazila Health Complex,Manikganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
75. Hatibandha Upazila Health Complex,Lalmonirhat,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
76. Islampur upazila Health Complex,Jamalpur,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
77. Iswardi Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
78. Jaldhaka Upazila Health Complex,Nilphamari,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
79. Jhenaigati Upazila Health Complex,Sherpur,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
80. Jhikargacha Upazila Health Complex,Jashore,Khulna
|
||||||
|
81. Kachua Upazila Health Complex,Bagerhat,Khulna
|
||||||
|
82. Kachua Upazila Health Complex,Chandpur,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
83. Kalai Upazila Health Complex,Joypurhat,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
84. Kalapara Upazila Health Complex,Patuakhali,Barishal
|
||||||
|
85. Kalia Upazila Health Complex,Narail,Khulna
|
||||||
|
86. Kaliganj Upazila Health Complex,Gazipur,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
87. Kalihati Upazila Health Complex,Tangail,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
88. Kalukhali Upazila Health Complex,Rajbari,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
89. Kamalganj Upazila Health Complex,Moulavibazar,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
90. Kaptai Upazila Health Complex,Rangamati,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
91. Kashiani Upazila Health Complex,Gopalganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
92. Kathalia Upazila Health Complex,Jhalokathi,Barishal
|
||||||
|
93. Katiadi Upazila Health Complex,kishoreganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
94. Kazipur Upazila Health Complex,Sirajgonj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
95. Kawkhali Upazila Health Complex,Pirojpur,Barishal
|
||||||
|
96. Kawkhali Upazila Health Complex,Rangamati,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
97. Khaliajhuri Upazila Health Complex,Netrokona,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
98. Khetlal Upazila Health Complex,Joypurhat,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
99. kishoreganj Upazila Health Complex,Nilphamari,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
100. Kotalipara Upazila Health Complex,Gopalganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
101. Kotchandpur Upazila Health Complex,Jhenaidah,Khulna
|
||||||
|
102. Koyra Upazila Health Complex,Khulna,Khulna
|
||||||
|
103. Kaunia Upazila Health Complex,Rangpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
104. Kulaura Upazila Health Complex,Moulvibazar,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
105. Lakshmichari Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
106. Lakhai Upazila Health Complex,Habiganj,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
107. Lalmohan Upazila Health Complex,Bhola,Barishal
|
||||||
|
108. Lalpur Upazila Health Complex,Natore,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
109. Lohagara Upazila Health Complex,Narail,Khulna
|
||||||
|
110. Manikchari Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
111. Mathbaria Upazila Health Complex,Pirojpur,Barishal
|
||||||
|
112. Matiranga Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
113. Matlab Daxin Upazila Health Complex,Chandpur,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
114. Mirpur Upazila Health Complex,Kushtia,Khulna
|
||||||
|
115. Mithamoin Upazila Health Complex,kishoreganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
116. Mithapukur Upazila Health Complex,Rangpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
117. Modhupur Upazila Health Complex,Tangail,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
118. Mohadevpur Upazila Health Complex,Naogaon,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
119. Mohalchari Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
120. Mohammadpur Upazila Health Complex,Magura,Khulna
|
||||||
|
121. Mohanganj Upazila Health Complex,Netrokona,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
122. Moheshkhali Upazila Health Complex,Cox's Bazar,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
123. Mongla Upazila Health Complex,Bagerhat,Khulna
|
||||||
|
124. Morrelganj Upazila Health Complex,Bagerhat,Khulna
|
||||||
|
125. Mujibnagar upazila health complex,Meherpur,Khulna
|
||||||
|
126. Mukshedpur Upazila Health Complex,Gopalganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
127. Muktagacha Upazila Health Complex,Mymensingh,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
128. Muradnagar Upazila Health Complex,Cumilla,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
129. Nabinagar Upazila Health Complex,B. Baria,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
130. Nachol Upazila Health Complex,Chapai Nawabganj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
131. Naikhongchari Upazila Health Complex,Bandarban,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
132. Nakla Upazila Health Complex,Sherpur,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
133. Nalchity Upazila Health Complex,Jhalokathi,Barishal
|
||||||
|
134. Nalitabari Upazila health Complex,Sherpur,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
135. Nasirnagar Upazila Health Complex,Brahmanbaria,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
136. Nazirpur Upazila Health Complex,Pirojpur,Barishal
|
||||||
|
137. Niamatpur Upazila Health Complex,Naogaon,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
138. Paikgacha Upazila Health Complex,Khulna,Khulna
|
||||||
|
139. Pakundia Upazila Health Complex,Kishoreganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
140. Panchari Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
141. Panchbibi Upazila Health Complex,Joypurhat,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
142. Pangsha Upazila Health Complex,Rajbari,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
143. Parbatipur Upazila Health Complex,Dinajpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
144. Patharghata Upazila Health Complex,Barishal,Barishal
|
||||||
|
145. Patnitala Upazila Health complex,Naogaon,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
146. Patgram Upazila Health Complex,Lalmonirhat,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
147. Parsuram Upazila Health Complex,Feni,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
148. Pirgacha Upazila Health Complex,Rangpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
149. Pirganj Upazila Health Complex,Rangpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
150. Pirganj Upazila Health Complex,Thakurgaon,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
151. Purbadhala Upazila Health Complex,Netrokona,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
152. Raiganj Upazila Health Complex,Sirajgonj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
153. Raipura Upazila Health Complex,Narsingdi,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
154. Rajapur Upazila Health Complex,Jhalokathi,Barishal
|
||||||
|
155. Rajarhat Upazila Health Complex,Kurigram,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
156. Rajoir Upazila Health Complex,Madaripur,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
157. Ramgarh Upazila Health Complex,Khagrachari,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
158. Rampal Upazila Health Complex,Bagerhat,Khulna
|
||||||
|
159. Sadullapur Upazila Health Complex,Gaibandha,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
160. Sadarpur Upazila Health Complex,Faridpur,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
161. Saidpur Upazila Health Complex,Nilphamari,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
162. Saint Martin 20 Bed Hospital,Cox's Bazar,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
163. Santhia Upazila Health Complex,Pabna,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
164. Sarail Upazila Health Complex,B. Baria,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
165. Sarankhola Upazila Health Complex,Bagerhat,Khulna
|
||||||
|
166. Shahzadpur Upazila Health Complex,Sirajganj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
167. Shajahanpur Upazila Health Complex,Bogura,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
168. Sarsa Upazila Health Complex,Jessore,Khulna
|
||||||
|
169. Saturia Upazila Health Complex,Manikganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
170. Sherpur Upazila Health Complex,Bogura,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
171. Shibalaya Upazila Health complex,Manikgonj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
172. Shibchar Upazila Health Complex,Madaripur,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
173. Shibganj Upazila Health Complex,Chapai Nawabganj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
174. Sreemangal Upazila Health Complex,Moulavibazar,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
175. Shantiganj Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
176. Shyamnagar Upazila Health Complex,Satkhira,Khulna
|
||||||
|
177. Singair Upazila Health Complex,Manikganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
178. Singra Upazila Health Complex,Natore,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
179. Sonagazi Upazila Health Complex,Feni,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
180. Subarnachar Upazila Health Complex,Noakhali,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
181. Sundarganj Upazila Health Complex,Gaibandha,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
182. Tajumuddin Upazila Health Complex,Bhola,Barishal
|
||||||
|
183. Tala Upazila Health Complex,Sathkhira,Khulna
|
||||||
|
184. Tanore Upazila Health Complex,Rajshahi,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
185. Tarail Upazila Health Complex,kishoreganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
186. Taraganj Upazila Health Complex,Rangpur,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
187. Tarash Upazila Health Complex,Sirajgonj,Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
188. Teknaf Upazila Health Complex,Cox's Bazar,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
189. Tetulia Upazila Health Complex,Panchagarh,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
190. Trishal Upazila Health Complex,Mymensingh,Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
191. Tungipara Upazila Health Complex,Gopalganj,Dhaka
|
||||||
|
192. Ukhia Upazila Health Complex,Cox's Bazar,Chittagong
|
||||||
|
193. Ulipur Upazila Health Complex,Kurigram,Rangpur
|
||||||
|
194. Zokiganj Upazila Health Complex,Sylhet,Sylhet
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**3\. 40 Centers Exclusively as Providers**:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
2. National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
3. National Institute Of Cancer Research And Hospital (NICRH), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
4. National Institute Of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
5. National Institute of Kidney Disease and Urology (NIKDU), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
6. National Institute Of Neuro Science (NINS), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
7. National Institute Of Ophthalmology (NIO), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
8. National Institute of Traumatology and Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
9. National Institute Of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
10. National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
11. National Gastroliver Institute & Hospital, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
12. Gopalganj Eye Hospital And Training Institute, Gopalganj, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
13. National Institute of ENT, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
14. Dhaka Medical College hospital, Dhaka, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
15. Sir Solimullah Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
16. Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
17. Mugda Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
18. Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Mymensingh
|
||||||
|
19. Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Khulna
|
||||||
|
20. Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
21. Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal, Barishal
|
||||||
|
22. Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Rangpur
|
||||||
|
23. MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Sylhet
|
||||||
|
24. Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Chittagong
|
||||||
|
25. Cumilla Medical College Hospital, Cumilla, Chittagong
|
||||||
|
26. Colonel Malek Medical College Hospital, Manikgong, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
27. Bandarban District Hospital, Bandarban, Chittagong
|
||||||
|
28. Gaibandha District Hospital, Gaibandha, Rangpur
|
||||||
|
29. Gopalganj 250 bed General Hospital, Gopalganj, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
30. Lakshmipur District Hospital, Lakshmipur, Chittagong
|
||||||
|
31. Moulvibazar District Hospital, Moulvibazar, Sylhet
|
||||||
|
32. Naogaon District Hoispital, Naogaon, Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
33. Nilphamari District Hospital, Nilphamari, Rangpur
|
||||||
|
34. Patuakhali District Hospital, Patuakhali, Barishal
|
||||||
|
35. Satkhira District Hospital, Satkhira, Khulna
|
||||||
|
36. Tangail 250 Bed District Hospital, Tangail, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
37. Thakurgaon District Hospital, Thakurgaon, Rangpur
|
||||||
|
38. Sirajganj District Hospital, Sirajganj, Rajshahi
|
||||||
|
39. Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex, Cumilla, Chittagong
|
||||||
|
40. Management Information System (MIS), Dhaka, Dhaka
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Service Providers & Receivers**:
|
||||||
|
1. **40** service providers.
|
||||||
|
2. **194** service receivers.
|
||||||
|
- **Equipment**: Centers are furnished with telestethoscopes, teleECG, telemicroscopes, teleglucometers, advanced cameras, large screens, desktop computers, UPS, etc. (provided by MIS, DGHS).
|
||||||
|
- **Cost & Access**: Consultations with specialist doctors at any hospital are provided free of charge for patients at upazila health complexes or for referral cases.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Most Common Diseases Treated via Telemedicine**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. B86 Scabies
|
||||||
|
2. B354 Tinea corporis
|
||||||
|
3. B000 Eczema herpeticum
|
||||||
|
4. L70 Acne
|
||||||
|
5. L23 Allergic contact dermatitis
|
||||||
|
6. L089 Local infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue, unspecified
|
||||||
|
7. L20 Atopic dermatitis
|
||||||
|
8. H10 Conjunctivitis
|
||||||
|
9. L40 Psoriasis
|
||||||
|
10. M545 Low back pain
|
||||||
|
11. L01 Impetigo
|
||||||
|
12. L80 Vitiligo
|
||||||
|
13. L21 Seborrhoeic dermatitis
|
||||||
|
14. R51 Headache
|
||||||
|
15. B68 Taeniasis
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Offered Services**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Teleconsultation**
|
||||||
|
2. **Mental Health Support**
|
||||||
|
3. **Health Information & Awareness**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Advantages**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Accessibility**:
|
||||||
|
- Connects rural patients with urban specialists.
|
||||||
|
- Reduces travel time and associated costs.
|
||||||
|
2. **Affordability**:
|
||||||
|
- Minimizes financial burden of in-person visits.
|
||||||
|
- Some services subsidized by government or NGOs.
|
||||||
|
3. **Efficiency**:
|
||||||
|
- Cuts down patient wait times.
|
||||||
|
- Streamlines follow-ups and chronic disease management.
|
||||||
|
4. **Crisis Response**:
|
||||||
|
- Instrumental during COVID-19 to lessen load on physical facilities.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Limitations & Challenges**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Awareness & Trust**:
|
||||||
|
- Low awareness among rural residents.
|
||||||
|
- Cultural skepticism toward online consultations.
|
||||||
|
2. **Healthcare Professional Training**:
|
||||||
|
- Insufficient training for telemedicine tools.
|
||||||
|
- Resistance from some providers to adopt digital methods.
|
||||||
|
3. **Regulatory & Policy Gaps**:
|
||||||
|
- Lack of clear telemedicine regulations and guidelines.
|
||||||
|
- Concerns about data privacy and security.
|
||||||
|
4. **Equipment Costs**:
|
||||||
|
- High initial setup expense for telemedicine platforms and diagnostics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Future Prospects**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Government Vision**:
|
||||||
|
- Increased funding and partnerships for telemedicine infrastructure.
|
||||||
|
2. **Technology Integration**:
|
||||||
|
- AI-driven diagnostic support.
|
||||||
|
- Mobile apps for personalized healthcare management.
|
||||||
|
3. **Public-Private Partnerships**:
|
||||||
|
- Collaboration between government and private sector to scale services.
|
||||||
|
4. **Focused Training & Awareness**:
|
||||||
|
- Training programs for healthcare professionals.
|
||||||
|
- Awareness campaigns for local communities.
|
||||||
|
5. **International Collaborations**:
|
||||||
|
- Partnerships with global telemedicine providers for advanced solutions.
|
||||||
74
openmrs.md
74
openmrs.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
|
|||||||
**Introduction to OpenMRS**
|
**Introduction to OpenMRS**
|
||||||
OpenMRS is an open-source electronic medical record (EMR) system tailored for resource-constrained environments, first established in 2004. It offers a modular architecture that allows for extensive customization, enabling it to meet the specific needs of different healthcare systems.
|
OpenMRS is an open-source electronic medical record (EMR) system tailored for resource-constrained environments, first established in 2004. It offers a modular architecture that allows for extensive customization, enabling it to meet the specific needs of different healthcare systems.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In Bangladesh, OpenMRS has evolved into a customized version known as **OpenMRS+**, which integrates OpenELIS (a laboratory information system) and an inventory module with the Bahmni version. This comprehensive system is significantly transforming hospital management and service delivery in public hospitals.
|
In Bangladesh, OpenMRS has evolved into a customized version known as **OpenMRS+**, which integrates OpenELIS (a laboratory information system) and an inventory module with the Bahmni version. This comprehensive system is significantly transforming hospital management and service delivery in public hospitals.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* * *
|
* * *
|
||||||
**Overview of OpenMRS+ in Bangladesh**
|
**Overview of OpenMRS+ in Bangladesh**
|
||||||
@@ -101,6 +101,78 @@ A common question is whether deploying a dedicated server in each hospital is a
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
However, the online centralized solution is being tested in three hospitals to assess its efficiency, feasibility, and scalability for managing multiple facilities. This dual-modality approach ensures that Bangladesh can leverage digital technology effectively while addressing current infrastructure limitations.
|
However, the online centralized solution is being tested in three hospitals to assess its efficiency, feasibility, and scalability for managing multiple facilities. This dual-modality approach ensures that Bangladesh can leverage digital technology effectively while addressing current infrastructure limitations.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
***
|
||||||
|
**FAQs: Which hospitals have been automated by OpenMRS Plus?**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There are several hospitals have been automated by OpenMRS Plus.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Automated hospital list:**
|
||||||
|
# Hospital Automation Start Date
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| S/I | Hospital and Others Information | Automation Start Date |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| 1 | Gopalganj 250 Bed General Hospital | 07/06/2017 |
|
||||||
|
| 2 | Muksudpur Upazila Health Complex | 15/08/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 3 | Kashiani Upazila Health Complex | 22 October 2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 4 | Kotalipara Upazila Health Complex | 09/12/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 5 | Tungipara Upazila Health Complex | 04-01-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 6 | Singair Upazila Health Complex | 02/01/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 7 | Harirampur Upazila Health Complex | 15-08-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 8 | Shibalaya Upazila Health Complex | 01/01/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 9 | Saturia Upazila Health Complex | 20/10/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 10 | 250 Bed General Hospital, Kishoreganj | 01/01/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 11 | Bhairab Upazila Health Complex | 03/03/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 12 | Tarail Upazila Health Complex | 09/01/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 13 | Mithamoin Upazila Health Complex | 27/05/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 14 | Katiadi Upazila Health Complex | 12/16/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 15 | Pakundia Upazila Health Complex | 4 February 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 16 | Khulna 250 Bed General Hospital, Khulna | 21-07-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 17 | Paikgacha Upazila Health Complex | |
|
||||||
|
| 18 | General Hospital Cumilla | 12-01-2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 19 | Muradnagar Upazila Health Complex | 04/04/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 20 | Burichong Upazila Health Complex | 14-03-2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 21 | Chaddagram Upazila Health Complex | August 01, 2023 |
|
||||||
|
| 22 | Barguna District Hospital | 01-12-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 23 | Amtali Upazila Health Complex | 02-02-2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 24 | Betagi Upazila Health Complex | 20/02/2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 25 | Patharghata Upazila Health Complex | 20/06/2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 26 | Netrokona Sadar Hospital | 23-01-2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 27 | Shibchar Upazila Health Complex | 03/01/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 28 | Rajoir Upazila Health Complex | 17/04/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 29 | Dacope Upazila Health Complex | 03-06-2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 30 | Dumuria Upazila Health Complex | 01/08/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 31 | Jhenaidah District Hospital | 28/10/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 32 | Mohanganj Upazila Health Complex | 13 Oct 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 33 | Kotchandpur Upazila Health Complex | 02-01-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 34 | Harinakunda Upazila Health Complex | 15-08-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 35 | Barhatta Upazila Health Complex | 31/03/2022 |
|
||||||
|
| 36 | Gofargaon Upazila Health Complex | 21/01/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 37 | Muktagacha Upazila Health Complex | 01/12/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 38 | Fenchuganj Upazila Health Complex | |
|
||||||
|
| 39 | Biswanath Upazila Health Complex | 03 July 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 40 | Sylhet Shahid Shamsuddin Ahmed District Hospital | 01-11-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 41 | Beanibazar Upazila Health Complex | 25/02/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 42 | South Surma Upazila Health Complex | |
|
||||||
|
| 43 | Domar Upazila Health Complex | 21 March, 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 44 | Dimla Upazila Health Complex | 25th March, 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 45 | Kishoreganj Upazila Health Complex | 11-01-2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 46 | Nilphamari District Hospital | 07 March 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 47 | Jaldhaka Upazila Health Complex | 10-01-2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 48 | Pirganj Upazila Health Complex | 4th Jan, 2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 49 | Gurudashpur Upazila Health Complex | 8/9/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 50 | Natore District Hospital | 1/12/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 51 | Singra Upazila Health Complex | 09/02/2021 |
|
||||||
|
| 52 | Gopalganj Eye Hospital And Training Institute | 01-02-2024 |
|
||||||
|
| 53 | Kaliganj Upazila Health Complex | 01/07/2020 |
|
||||||
|
| 54 | Kaliakair Upazila Health Complex | 2024 |
|
||||||
|
| 55 | Kapasia Upazila Health Complex | 2024 |
|
||||||
|
| 56 | Araihazar Upazila Health Complex | 03-21-2024 |
|
||||||
|
| 57 | Manikganj 250 Bed District Hospital | 27/05/2024 |
|
||||||
|
| 58 | National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bangladesh (NICVD) | |
|
||||||
|
| 59 | National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation(NITOR) | 2013 |
|
||||||
|
| 60 | National Center for Control of Rheumatic Fever & Heart Disease | 2024 |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* * *
|
* * *
|
||||||
**Conclusion**
|
**Conclusion**
|
||||||
The implementation of OpenMRS+ across 100 public hospitals in Bangladesh demonstrates how tailored technological solutions can address infrastructure challenges and improve healthcare outcomes. The initiative showcases a pragmatic approach to overcoming connectivity limitations through the dual deployment modalities—on-premise servers and centralized online solutions—positioning Bangladesh as a leader in leveraging digital technology for enhanced public healthcare.
|
The implementation of OpenMRS+ across 100 public hospitals in Bangladesh demonstrates how tailored technological solutions can address infrastructure challenges and improve healthcare outcomes. The initiative showcases a pragmatic approach to overcoming connectivity limitations through the dual deployment modalities—on-premise servers and centralized online solutions—positioning Bangladesh as a leader in leveraging digital technology for enhanced public healthcare.
|
||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user