transformers/src/transformers/models/gemma/modular_gemma.py

# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2024 Google Inc. HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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import math
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import sentencepiece as spm
import torch
import torch.utils.checkpoint
from torch import nn

from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...cache_utils import Cache, DynamicCache, StaticCache
from ...configuration_utils import PretrainedConfig
from ...modeling_flash_attention_utils import _flash_attention_forward
from ...modeling_outputs import BaseModelOutputWithPast, CausalLMOutputWithPast
from ...pytorch_utils import ALL_LAYERNORM_LAYERS
from ...tokenization_utils import AddedToken, PreTrainedTokenizer
from ...utils import logging
from ..llama.modeling_llama import (
    LlamaDecoderLayer,
    LlamaFlashAttention2,
    LlamaForCausalLM,
    LlamaForSequenceClassification,
    LlamaForTokenClassification,
    LlamaModel,
    apply_rotary_pos_emb,
    repeat_kv,
)
from ..llama.tokenization_llama import LlamaTokenizer


if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ...tokenization_utils_base import TextInput

VOCAB_FILES_NAMES = {"vocab_file": "tokenizer.model"}

SPIECE_UNDERLINE = "▁"


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)


class GemmaConfig(PretrainedConfig):
    r"""
    This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`GemmaModel`]. It is used to instantiate an Gemma
    model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the
    defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Gemma-7B.
    e.g. [google/gemma-7b](https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-7b)
    Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
    documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
    Args:
        vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 256000):
            Vocabulary size of the Gemma model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
            `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`GemmaModel`]
        hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
            Dimension of the hidden representations.
        intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 24576):
            Dimension of the MLP representations.
        num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 28):
            Number of hidden layers in the Transformer decoder.
        num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
            Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
        num_key_value_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
            This is the number of key_value heads that should be used to implement Grouped Query Attention. If
            `num_key_value_heads=num_attention_heads`, the model will use Multi Head Attention (MHA), if
            `num_key_value_heads=1` the model will use Multi Query Attention (MQA) otherwise GQA is used. When
            converting a multi-head checkpoint to a GQA checkpoint, each group key and value head should be constructed
            by meanpooling all the original heads within that group. For more details checkout [this
            paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.13245.pdf). If it is not specified, will default to
            `num_attention_heads`.
        head_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 256):
            The attention head dimension.
        hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu_pytorch_tanh"`):
            The legacy activation function. It is overwritten by the `hidden_activation`.
        hidden_activation (`str` or `function`, *optional*):
            The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the decoder. Will default to `"gelu_pytorch_tanh"`
            if not specified. `"gelu_pytorch_tanh"` uses an approximation of the `"gelu"` activation function.
        max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8192):
            The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with.
        initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
            The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
        rms_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-06):
            The epsilon used by the rms normalization layers.
        use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
            relevant if `config.is_decoder=True`.
        pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
            Padding token id.
        eos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            End of stream token id.
        bos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
            Beginning of stream token id.
        tie_word_embeddings (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            Whether to tie weight embeddings
        rope_theta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 10000.0):
            The base period of the RoPE embeddings.
        attention_bias (`bool`, defaults to `False`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether to use a bias in the query, key, value and output projection layers during self-attention.
        attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
            The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
    ```python
    >>> from transformers import GemmaModel, GemmaConfig
    >>> # Initializing a Gemma gemma-7b style configuration
    >>> configuration = GemmaConfig()
    >>> # Initializing a model from the gemma-7b style configuration
    >>> model = GemmaModel(configuration)
    >>> # Accessing the model configuration
    >>> configuration = model.config
    ```"""

    model_type = "gemma"
    keys_to_ignore_at_inference = ["past_key_values"]

    def __init__(
        self,
        vocab_size=256000,
        hidden_size=3072,
        intermediate_size=24576,
        num_hidden_layers=28,
        num_attention_heads=16,
        num_key_value_heads=16,
        head_dim=256,
        hidden_act="gelu_pytorch_tanh",
        hidden_activation=None,
        max_position_embeddings=8192,
        initializer_range=0.02,
        rms_norm_eps=1e-6,
        use_cache=True,
        pad_token_id=0,
        eos_token_id=1,
        bos_token_id=2,
        tie_word_embeddings=True,
        rope_theta=10000.0,
        attention_bias=False,
        attention_dropout=0.0,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        self.vocab_size = vocab_size
        self.max_position_embeddings = max_position_embeddings
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.intermediate_size = intermediate_size
        self.num_hidden_layers = num_hidden_layers
        self.num_attention_heads = num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = head_dim
        self.num_key_value_heads = num_key_value_heads
        self.hidden_act = hidden_act
        self.hidden_activation = hidden_activation
        self.initializer_range = initializer_range
        self.rms_norm_eps = rms_norm_eps
        self.use_cache = use_cache
        self.rope_theta = rope_theta
        self.attention_bias = attention_bias
        self.attention_dropout = attention_dropout

        super().__init__(
            pad_token_id=pad_token_id,
            bos_token_id=bos_token_id,
            eos_token_id=eos_token_id,
            tie_word_embeddings=tie_word_embeddings,
            **kwargs,
        )


class GemmaTokenizer(LlamaTokenizer, PreTrainedTokenizer):
    """
    Construct a Gemma tokenizer. Based on byte-level Byte-Pair-Encoding. The default padding token is unset as there is
    no padding token in the original model.

    Args:
        vocab_file (`str`):
            Path to the vocabulary file.
        unk_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*, defaults to `"<unk>"`):
            The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
            token instead.
        bos_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*, defaults to `"<bos>"`):
            The beginning of sequence token that was used during pretraining. Can be used a sequence classifier token.
        eos_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*, defaults to `"<eos>"`):
            The end of sequence token.
        pad_token (`str` or `tokenizers.AddedToken`, *optional*, defaults to `"<pad>"`):
            A special token used to make arrays of tokens the same size for batching purpose. Will then be ignored by
            attention mechanisms or loss computation.
        sp_model_kwargs (`Dict[str, Any]`, `Optional`, *optional*):
            Will be passed to the `SentencePieceProcessor.__init__()` method. The [Python wrapper for
            SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece/tree/master/python) can be used, among other things,
            to set:

            - `enable_sampling`: Enable subword regularization.
            - `nbest_size`: Sampling parameters for unigram. Invalid for BPE-Dropout.

              - `nbest_size = {0,1}`: No sampling is performed.
              - `nbest_size > 1`: samples from the nbest_size results.
              - `nbest_size < 0`: assuming that nbest_size is infinite and samples from the all hypothesis (lattice)
                using forward-filtering-and-backward-sampling algorithm.

            - `alpha`: Smoothing parameter for unigram sampling, and dropout probability of merge operations for
              BPE-dropout.

        add_bos_token (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
            Whether or not to add an `bos_token` at the start of sequences.
        add_eos_token (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether or not to add an `eos_token` at the end of sequences.
        clean_up_tokenization_spaces (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether or not to cleanup spaces after decoding, cleanup consists in removing potential artifacts like
            extra spaces.
        use_default_system_prompt (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether or not the default system prompt for Gemma should be used.
        spaces_between_special_tokens (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether or not to add spaces between special tokens.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        vocab_file,
        unk_token="<unk>",
        bos_token="<bos>",
        eos_token="<eos>",
        pad_token="<pad>",
        sp_model_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        add_bos_token=True,
        add_eos_token=False,
        clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False,
        use_default_system_prompt=False,
        spaces_between_special_tokens=False,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        self.sp_model_kwargs = {} if sp_model_kwargs is None else sp_model_kwargs
        bos_token = AddedToken(bos_token, normalized=False, special=True) if isinstance(bos_token, str) else bos_token
        eos_token = AddedToken(eos_token, normalized=False, special=True) if isinstance(eos_token, str) else eos_token
        unk_token = AddedToken(unk_token, normalized=False, special=True) if isinstance(unk_token, str) else unk_token
        pad_token = AddedToken(pad_token, normalized=False, special=True) if isinstance(pad_token, str) else pad_token

        self.vocab_file = vocab_file
        self.add_bos_token = add_bos_token
        self.add_eos_token = add_eos_token
        self.use_default_system_prompt = use_default_system_prompt
        self.sp_model = spm.SentencePieceProcessor(**self.sp_model_kwargs)
        self.sp_model.Load(vocab_file)

        PreTrainedTokenizer.__init__(
            self,
            bos_token=bos_token,
            eos_token=eos_token,
            unk_token=unk_token,
            pad_token=pad_token,
            add_bos_token=add_bos_token,
            add_eos_token=add_eos_token,
            sp_model_kwargs=sp_model_kwargs,
            clean_up_tokenization_spaces=clean_up_tokenization_spaces,
            use_default_system_prompt=use_default_system_prompt,
            spaces_between_special_tokens=spaces_between_special_tokens,
            **kwargs,
        )

    def get_spm_processor(self):
        raise AttributeError("Not needed for Gemma")

    def unk_token_length(self):
        raise AttributeError("Not needed for Gemma")

    def tokenize(self, text: "TextInput", **kwargs) -> List[str]:
        """
        Args:
            text: TextInput
        Simply calls PreTrainedTokenizer's method
        """
        return PreTrainedTokenizer.tokenize(self, text, **kwargs)

    def _tokenize(self, text, **kwargs):
        """
        Args:
            text: TextInput
        Returns a tokenized string. The Gemma tokenizer never adds a prefix space.
        """
        return self.sp_model.encode(text, out_type=str)

    def _decode(
        self,
        token_ids: List[int],
        skip_special_tokens: bool = False,
        spaces_between_special_tokens: bool = False,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> str:
        sub_texts = []
        current_sub_text = []
        for ids in token_ids:
            if skip_special_tokens and ids in self.all_special_ids:
                continue
            if ids in self._added_tokens_decoder:
                if current_sub_text:
                    sub_texts.append(self.sp_model.decode(current_sub_text))
                sub_texts.append(self._added_tokens_decoder[ids].content)
                current_sub_text = []
            else:
                current_sub_text.append(ids)
        if current_sub_text:
            sub_texts.append(self.sp_model.decode(current_sub_text))

        if spaces_between_special_tokens:
            sub_texts = " ".join(sub_texts)
        else:
            sub_texts = "".join(sub_texts)

        return sub_texts.replace(SPIECE_UNDERLINE, " ")

    def convert_tokens_to_string(self, tokens):
        """Converts a sequence of tokens (string) in a single string."""
        current_sub_tokens = []
        out_string = ""
        for token in tokens:
            # make sure that special tokens are not decoded using sentencepiece model
            if token in self._added_tokens_encoder:
                out_string += self.sp_model.decode(current_sub_tokens) + token
                current_sub_tokens = []
            else:
                current_sub_tokens.append(token)
        out_string += self.sp_model.decode(current_sub_tokens)
        return out_string


class GemmaRMSNorm(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.eps = eps
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(dim))

    def _norm(self, x):
        return x * torch.rsqrt(x.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True) + self.eps)

    def forward(self, x):
        output = self._norm(x.float())
        # Llama does x.to(float16) * w whilst Gemma is (x * w).to(float16)
        # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/29402
        output = output * (1.0 + self.weight.float())
        return output.type_as(x)

    def extra_repr(self):
        return f"{tuple(self.weight.shape)}, eps={self.eps}"


ALL_LAYERNORM_LAYERS.append(GemmaRMSNorm)


class GemmaRotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim, max_position_embeddings=2048, base=10000, device=None):
        super().__init__()

        self.dim = dim
        self.max_position_embeddings = max_position_embeddings
        self.base = base
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (self.base ** (torch.arange(0, self.dim, 2, dtype=torch.int64).float() / self.dim))
        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", tensor=inv_freq, persistent=False)

    @torch.no_grad()
    def forward(self, x, position_ids, seq_len=None):
        # x: [bs, num_attention_heads, seq_len, head_size]
        self.inv_freq.to(x.device)
        inv_freq_expanded = self.inv_freq[None, :, None].float().expand(position_ids.shape[0], -1, 1)
        position_ids_expanded = position_ids[:, None, :].float()
        # Force float32 since bfloat16 loses precision on long contexts
        # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/29285
        device_type = x.device.type
        device_type = device_type if isinstance(device_type, str) and device_type != "mps" else "cpu"
        with torch.autocast(device_type=device_type, enabled=False):
            freqs = (inv_freq_expanded.float() @ position_ids_expanded.float()).transpose(1, 2)
            emb = torch.cat((freqs, freqs), dim=-1)
            cos = emb.cos()
            sin = emb.sin()
        return cos.to(dtype=x.dtype), sin.to(dtype=x.dtype)


class GemmaLinearScalingRotaryEmbedding(GemmaRotaryEmbedding):
    """GemmaRotaryEmbedding extended with linear scaling. Credits to the Reddit user /u/kaiokendev"""

    def forward(self, x, position_ids):
        # difference to the original RoPE: a scaling factor is aplied to the position ids
        position_ids = position_ids.float() / self.scaling_factor
        cos, sin = super().forward(x, position_ids)
        return cos, sin


class GemmaDynamicNTKScalingRotaryEmbedding(GemmaRotaryEmbedding):
    """GemmaRotaryEmbedding extended with Dynamic NTK scaling. Credits to the Reddit users /u/bloc97 and /u/emozilla"""

    def forward(self, x, position_ids):
        # difference to the original RoPE: inv_freq is recomputed when the sequence length > original length
        seq_len = torch.max(position_ids) + 1
        if seq_len > self.max_position_embeddings:
            base = self.base * (
                (self.scaling_factor * seq_len / self.max_position_embeddings) - (self.scaling_factor - 1)
            ) ** (self.dim / (self.dim - 2))
            inv_freq = 1.0 / (
                base ** (torch.arange(0, self.dim, 2, dtype=torch.int64).float().to(x.device) / self.dim)
            )
            self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq, persistent=False)  # TODO joao: this may break with compilation

        cos, sin = super().forward(x, position_ids)
        return cos, sin


class GemmaMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.intermediate_size = config.intermediate_size
        self.gate_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.intermediate_size, bias=False)
        self.up_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.intermediate_size, bias=False)
        self.down_proj = nn.Linear(self.intermediate_size, self.hidden_size, bias=False)
        if config.hidden_activation is None:
            logger.warning_once(
                "`config.hidden_act` is ignored, you should use `config.hidden_activation` instead.\n"
                "Gemma's activation function will be set to `gelu_pytorch_tanh`. Please, use\n"
                "`config.hidden_activation` if you want to override this behaviour.\n"
                "See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/29402 for more details."
            )
            config.hidden_activation = "gelu_pytorch_tanh"
        hidden_activation = config.hidden_activation
        self.act_fn = ACT2FN[hidden_activation]

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.down_proj(self.act_fn(self.gate_proj(x)) * self.up_proj(x))


class GemmaAttention(nn.Module):
    """Multi-headed attention from 'Attention Is All You Need' paper"""

    def __init__(self, config: GemmaConfig, layer_idx: Optional[int] = None):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer_idx = layer_idx
        if layer_idx is None:
            logger.warning_once(
                f"Instantiating {self.__class__.__name__} without passing a `layer_idx` is not recommended and will "
                "lead to errors during the forward call if caching is used. Please make sure to provide a `layer_idx` "
                "when creating this class."
            )

        self.attention_dropout = config.attention_dropout
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.num_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = config.head_dim
        self.num_key_value_heads = config.num_key_value_heads
        self.num_key_value_groups = self.num_heads // self.num_key_value_heads
        self.max_position_embeddings = config.max_position_embeddings
        self.rope_theta = config.rope_theta
        self.is_causal = True
        self.scaling = 1 / math.sqrt(config.head_dim)

        if self.hidden_size % self.num_heads != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"hidden_size must be divisible by num_heads (got `hidden_size`: {self.hidden_size}"
                f" and `num_heads`: {self.num_heads})."
            )

        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_heads * self.head_dim, bias=config.attention_bias)
        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim, bias=config.attention_bias)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim, bias=config.attention_bias)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(self.num_heads * self.head_dim, self.hidden_size, bias=config.attention_bias)
        self.rotary_emb = GemmaRotaryEmbedding(
            self.head_dim,
            max_position_embeddings=self.max_position_embeddings,
            base=self.rope_theta,
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_value: Optional[Cache] = None,
        output_attentions: bool = False,
        use_cache: bool = False,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
    ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, Optional[torch.Tensor], Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]]:
        bsz, q_len, _ = hidden_states.size()

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states)

        query_states = query_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = key_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = value_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)

        cos, sin = self.rotary_emb(value_states, position_ids)
        query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        if past_key_value is not None:
            # sin and cos are specific to RoPE models; cache_position needed for the static cache
            cache_kwargs = {"sin": sin, "cos": cos, "cache_position": cache_position}
            key_states, value_states = past_key_value.update(key_states, value_states, self.layer_idx, cache_kwargs)

        key_states = repeat_kv(key_states, self.num_key_value_groups)
        value_states = repeat_kv(value_states, self.num_key_value_groups)

        attn_weights = torch.matmul(query_states, key_states.transpose(2, 3)) * self.scaling

        if attention_mask is not None:  # no matter the length, we just slice it
            causal_mask = attention_mask[:, :, :, : key_states.shape[-2]]
            attn_weights = attn_weights + causal_mask

        # upcast attention to fp32
        attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32).to(query_states.dtype)
        attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=self.attention_dropout, training=self.training)
        attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value_states)

        if attn_output.size() != (bsz, self.num_heads, q_len, self.head_dim):
            raise ValueError(
                f"`attn_output` should be of size {(bsz, self.num_heads, q_len, self.head_dim)}, but is"
                f" {attn_output.size()}"
            )

        attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

        attn_output = attn_output.view(bsz, q_len, -1)
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)

        if not output_attentions:
            attn_weights = None

        return attn_output, attn_weights, past_key_value


class GemmaSdpaAttention(GemmaAttention):
    """
    Gemma attention module using torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention. This module inherits from
    `GemmaAttention` as the weights of the module stays untouched. The only changes are on the forward pass to adapt to
    SDPA API.
    """

    # Adapted from GemmaAttention.forward
    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_value: Optional[Cache] = None,
        output_attentions: bool = False,
        use_cache: bool = False,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, Optional[torch.Tensor], Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]]:
        if output_attentions:
            # TODO: Improve this warning with e.g. `model.config.attn_implementation = "manual"` once this is implemented.
            logger.warning_once(
                "GemmaModel is using GemmaSdpaAttention, but `torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention` does not support `output_attentions=True`. Falling back to the manual attention implementation, "
                'but specifying the manual implementation will be required from Transformers version v5.0.0 onwards. This warning can be removed using the argument `attn_implementation="eager"` when loading the model.'
            )
            return super().forward(
                hidden_states=hidden_states,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                position_ids=position_ids,
                past_key_value=past_key_value,
                output_attentions=output_attentions,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                cache_position=cache_position,
            )

        bsz, q_len, _ = hidden_states.size()

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states)

        query_states = query_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = key_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = value_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)

        cos, sin = self.rotary_emb(value_states, position_ids)
        query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        if past_key_value is not None:
            # sin and cos are specific to RoPE models; cache_position needed for the static cache
            cache_kwargs = {"sin": sin, "cos": cos, "cache_position": cache_position}
            key_states, value_states = past_key_value.update(key_states, value_states, self.layer_idx, cache_kwargs)

        key_states = repeat_kv(key_states, self.num_key_value_groups)
        value_states = repeat_kv(value_states, self.num_key_value_groups)

        causal_mask = attention_mask
        if attention_mask is not None:
            causal_mask = causal_mask[:, :, :, : key_states.shape[-2]]

        # SDPA with memory-efficient backend is currently (torch==2.1.2) bugged with non-contiguous inputs with custom attn_mask,
        # Reference: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/112577.
        if query_states.device.type == "cuda" and causal_mask is not None:
            query_states = query_states.contiguous()
            key_states = key_states.contiguous()
            value_states = value_states.contiguous()

        # We dispatch to SDPA's Flash Attention or Efficient kernels via this `is_causal` if statement instead of an inline conditional assignment
        # in SDPA to support both torch.compile's dynamic shapes and full graph options. An inline conditional prevents dynamic shapes from compiling.
        is_causal = True if causal_mask is None and q_len > 1 else False

        attn_output = torch.nn.functional.scaled_dot_product_attention(
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attn_mask=causal_mask,
            dropout_p=self.attention_dropout if self.training else 0.0,
            is_causal=is_causal,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()
        attn_output = attn_output.view(bsz, q_len, -1)

        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)

        return attn_output, None, past_key_value


class GemmaFlashAttention2(LlamaFlashAttention2, GemmaAttention):
    """
    Gemma flash attention module. This module inherits from `GemmaAttention` as the weights of the module stays
    untouched. The only required change would be on the forward pass where it needs to correctly call the public API of
    flash attention and deal with padding tokens in case the input contains any of them.
    """

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_value: Optional[Cache] = None,
        output_attentions: bool = False,
        use_cache: bool = False,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
    ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, Optional[torch.Tensor], Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]]:
        if isinstance(past_key_value, StaticCache):
            raise ValueError(
                "`static` cache implementation is not compatible with `attn_implementation==flash_attention_2` "
                "make sure to use `sdpa` in the mean time, and open an issue at https://github.com/huggingface/transformers"
            )

        output_attentions = False

        bsz, q_len, _ = hidden_states.size()

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states)

        # Flash attention requires the input to have the shape
        # batch_size x seq_length x head_dim x hidden_dim
        # therefore we just need to keep the original shape
        query_states = query_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = key_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = value_states.view(bsz, q_len, self.num_key_value_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)

        cos, sin = self.rotary_emb(value_states, position_ids)
        query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        if past_key_value is not None:
            # sin and cos are specific to RoPE models; cache_position needed for the static cache
            cache_kwargs = {"sin": sin, "cos": cos, "cache_position": cache_position}
            key_states, value_states = past_key_value.update(key_states, value_states, self.layer_idx, cache_kwargs)

        # TODO: These transpose are quite inefficient but Flash Attention requires the layout [batch_size, sequence_length, num_heads, head_dim]. We would need to refactor the KV cache
        # to be able to avoid many of these transpose/reshape/view.
        query_states = query_states.transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = key_states.transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = value_states.transpose(1, 2)

        dropout_rate = self.attention_dropout if self.training else 0.0

        # In PEFT, usually we cast the layer norms in float32 for training stability reasons
        # therefore the input hidden states gets silently casted in float32. Hence, we need
        # cast them back in the correct dtype just to be sure everything works as expected.
        # This might slowdown training & inference so it is recommended to not cast the LayerNorms
        # in fp32. (GemmaRMSNorm handles it correctly)

        input_dtype = query_states.dtype
        if input_dtype == torch.float32:
            if torch.is_autocast_enabled():
                target_dtype = torch.get_autocast_gpu_dtype()
            # Handle the case where the model is quantized
            elif hasattr(self.config, "_pre_quantization_dtype"):
                target_dtype = self.config._pre_quantization_dtype
            else:
                target_dtype = self.q_proj.weight.dtype

            logger.warning_once(
                f"The input hidden states seems to be silently casted in float32, this might be related to"
                f" the fact you have upcasted embedding or layer norm layers in float32. We will cast back the input in"
                f" {target_dtype}."
            )

            query_states = query_states.to(target_dtype)
            key_states = key_states.to(target_dtype)
            value_states = value_states.to(target_dtype)

        attn_output = _flash_attention_forward(
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            q_len,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            dropout=dropout_rate,
            sliding_window=getattr(self, "sliding_window", None),
            is_causal=self.is_causal,
            use_top_left_mask=self._flash_attn_uses_top_left_mask,
        )
        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(bsz, q_len, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)

        if not output_attentions:
            attn_weights = None

        return attn_output, attn_weights, past_key_value


GEMMA_ATTENTION_CLASSES = {
    "eager": GemmaAttention,
    "flash_attention_2": GemmaFlashAttention2,
    "sdpa": GemmaSdpaAttention,
}


class GemmaDecoderLayer(LlamaDecoderLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: GemmaConfig, layer_idx: int):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.self_attn = GEMMA_ATTENTION_CLASSES[config._attn_implementation](config=config, layer_idx=layer_idx)
        self.mlp = GemmaMLP(config)
        self.input_layernorm = GemmaRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.post_attention_layernorm = GemmaRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_value: Optional[Cache] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = False,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = False,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> Tuple[torch.FloatTensor, Optional[Tuple[torch.FloatTensor, torch.FloatTensor]]]:
        """
        Args:
            hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor`): input to the layer of shape `(batch, seq_len, embed_dim)`
            attention_mask (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                attention mask of size `(batch_size, sequence_length)` if flash attention is used or `(batch_size, 1,
                query_sequence_length, key_sequence_length)` if default attention is used.
            output_attentions (`bool`, *optional*):
                Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See `attentions` under
                returned tensors for more detail.
            use_cache (`bool`, *optional*):
                If set to `True`, `past_key_values` key value states are returned and can be used to speed up decoding
                (see `past_key_values`).
            past_key_value (`Tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*): cached past key and value projection states
            cache_position (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(sequence_length)`, *optional*):
                Indices depicting the position of the input sequence tokens in the sequence
            kwargs (`dict`, *optional*):
                Arbitrary kwargs to be ignored, used for FSDP and other methods that injects code
                into the model
        """
        residual = hidden_states

        hidden_states = self.input_layernorm(hidden_states)

        # Self Attention
        hidden_states, self_attn_weights, present_key_value = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            past_key_value=past_key_value,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            cache_position=cache_position,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        # Fully Connected
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.post_attention_layernorm(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        outputs = (hidden_states,)

        if output_attentions:
            outputs += (self_attn_weights,)

        if use_cache:
            outputs += (present_key_value,)

        return outputs


class GemmaModel(LlamaModel):
    def __init__(self, config: GemmaConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [GemmaDecoderLayer(config, layer_idx) for layer_idx in range(config.num_hidden_layers)]
        )
        self.norm = GemmaRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        del self.rotary_emb  # Gemma does not implement rotary emb at the modeling level yet!
        self.post_init()

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_values: Optional[Union[Cache, List[torch.FloatTensor]]] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
    ) -> Union[Tuple, BaseModelOutputWithPast]:
        output_attentions = output_attentions if output_attentions is not None else self.config.output_attentions
        output_hidden_states = (
            output_hidden_states if output_hidden_states is not None else self.config.output_hidden_states
        )
        use_cache = use_cache if use_cache is not None else self.config.use_cache
        return_dict = return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict

        if (input_ids is None) ^ (inputs_embeds is not None):
            raise ValueError("You must specify exactly one of input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        if self.gradient_checkpointing and self.training and use_cache:
            logger.warning_once(
                "`use_cache=True` is incompatible with gradient checkpointing. Setting `use_cache=False`."
            )
            use_cache = False

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.embed_tokens(input_ids)

        # kept for BC (non `Cache` `past_key_values` inputs)
        return_legacy_cache = False  # noqa: F841
        if use_cache and not isinstance(past_key_values, Cache):
            return_legacy_cache = True  # noqa: F841
            if past_key_values is None:
                past_key_values = DynamicCache()
            else:
                past_key_values = DynamicCache.from_legacy_cache(past_key_values)
                logger.warning_once(
                    "We detected that you are passing `past_key_values` as a tuple of tuples. This is deprecated and "
                    "will be removed in v4.47. Please convert your cache or use an appropriate `Cache` class "
                    "(https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/kv_cache#legacy-cache-format)"
                )

        if cache_position is None:
            past_seen_tokens = past_key_values.get_seq_length() if past_key_values is not None else 0
            cache_position = torch.arange(
                past_seen_tokens, past_seen_tokens + inputs_embeds.shape[1], device=inputs_embeds.device
            )

        if position_ids is None:
            position_ids = cache_position.unsqueeze(0)

        causal_mask = self._update_causal_mask(
            attention_mask, inputs_embeds, cache_position, past_key_values, output_attentions
        )

        # embed positions
        hidden_states = inputs_embeds

        # normalized
        # Gemma downcasts the below to float16, causing sqrt(3072)=55.4256 to become 55.5
        # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/29402
        normalizer = torch.tensor(self.config.hidden_size**0.5, dtype=hidden_states.dtype)
        hidden_states = hidden_states * normalizer

        # decoder layers
        all_hidden_states = () if output_hidden_states else None
        all_self_attns = () if output_attentions else None
        next_decoder_cache = None

        for decoder_layer in self.layers:
            if output_hidden_states:
                all_hidden_states += (hidden_states,)

            if self.gradient_checkpointing and self.training:
                layer_outputs = self._gradient_checkpointing_func(
                    decoder_layer.__call__,
                    hidden_states,
                    causal_mask,
                    position_ids,
                    past_key_values,
                    output_attentions,
                    use_cache,
                    cache_position,
                )
            else:
                layer_outputs = decoder_layer(
                    hidden_states,
                    attention_mask=causal_mask,
                    position_ids=position_ids,
                    past_key_value=past_key_values,
                    output_attentions=output_attentions,
                    use_cache=use_cache,
                    cache_position=cache_position,
                )

            hidden_states = layer_outputs[0]

            if use_cache:
                next_decoder_cache = layer_outputs[2 if output_attentions else 1]

            if output_attentions:
                all_self_attns += (layer_outputs[1],)

        hidden_states = self.norm(hidden_states)

        # add hidden states from the last decoder layer
        if output_hidden_states:
            all_hidden_states += (hidden_states,)

        next_cache = next_decoder_cache if use_cache else None
        if return_legacy_cache:
            next_cache = next_cache.to_legacy_cache()

        if not return_dict:
            return tuple(v for v in [hidden_states, next_cache, all_hidden_states, all_self_attns] if v is not None)
        return BaseModelOutputWithPast(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
            past_key_values=next_cache,
            hidden_states=all_hidden_states,
            attentions=all_self_attns,
        )


# Example where we ony modify the docstring and call super
class GemmaForCausalLM(LlamaForCausalLM):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.model = GemmaModel(config)
        self.post_init()

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_values: Optional[Union[Cache, List[torch.FloatTensor]]] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        labels: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
        cache_position: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        num_logits_to_keep: int = 0,
    ) -> Union[Tuple, CausalLMOutputWithPast]:
        r"""
        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, GemmaForCausalLM

        >>> model = GemmaForCausalLM.from_pretrained("google/gemma-7b")
        >>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/gemma-7b")

        >>> prompt = "What is your favorite condiment?"
        >>> inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")

        >>> # Generate
        >>> generate_ids = model.generate(inputs.input_ids, max_length=30)
        >>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generate_ids, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False)[0]
        "What is your favorite condiment?"
        ```"""
        output_attentions = output_attentions if output_attentions is not None else self.config.output_attentions
        output_hidden_states = (
            output_hidden_states if output_hidden_states is not None else self.config.output_hidden_states
        )
        return_dict = return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict

        # decoder outputs consists of (dec_features, layer_state, dec_hidden, dec_attn)
        outputs = self.model(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
            output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
            return_dict=return_dict,
            cache_position=cache_position,
        )

        hidden_states = outputs[0]
        # Only compute necessary logits, and do not upcast them to float if we are not computing the loss
        logits = self.lm_head(hidden_states[:, -num_logits_to_keep:, :])

        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.loss_function(logits, labels, self.vocab_size)

        if not return_dict:
            output = (logits,) + outputs[1:]
            return (loss,) + output if loss is not None else output

        return CausalLMOutputWithPast(
            loss=loss,
            logits=logits,
            past_key_values=outputs.past_key_values,
            hidden_states=outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=outputs.attentions,
        )


class GemmaForSequenceClassification(LlamaForSequenceClassification):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.model = GemmaModel(config)
        self.post_init()


class GemmaForTokenClassification(LlamaForTokenClassification):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.model = GemmaModel(config)
        self.post_init()


__all__ = [
    "GemmaConfig",
    "GemmaTokenizer",
    "GemmaModel",
    "GemmaForCausalLM",
    "GemmaForSequenceClassification",
    "GemmaForTokenClassification",
]