Prepare 0.4.0: DGDA Drug and LOINC Integration

input/fsh/profile/BDLabResultObservation.fsh

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+Profile:     BDLabResultObservationProfile
+Id:          bd-lab-result-observation
+Parent:      bd-observation
+Title:       "Bangladesh Laboratory Result Observation"
+Description: """
+Profile for individual laboratory result (component-level) Observations
+in Bangladesh. Represents a single test result within a laboratory panel
+(e.g. Haemoglobin within a CBC panel).
+
+Usage:
+  - Observation.code is the result/component code (from BD LOINC Lab Results ValueSet)
+  - Observation.value[x] is required — every leaf result must carry a value
+  - Observation.hasMember is prohibited — leaf results cannot group further
+  - Observation.derivedFrom references the parent panel Observation
+  - Observation.category is fixed to 'laboratory'
+
+FHIR hasMember pattern:
+  bd-lab-panel-observation
+      └── hasMember --> bd-lab-result-observation (this profile)
+
+Coded results (Ord/Nom scale):
+  Use valueCodeableConcept with codes from BD LOINC Answer Lists ValueSet.
+"""
+
+* ^url = "https://fhir.dghs.gov.bd/core/StructureDefinition/bd-lab-result-observation"
+* ^version = "0.1.0"
+* ^status = #draft
+
+// ── Identifier ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Result observations carry the accession number or result ID.
+* identifier 1..* MS
+* identifier.value 1..1
+
+// ── Category ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Fixed to 'laboratory' for all lab result observations.
+* category = http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category#laboratory
+* category ^definition = "Fixed to 'laboratory' for laboratory result observations"
+
+// ── Code ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Bound to BD LOINC Lab Results ValueSet — leaf result codes only.
+* code 1..1 MS
+* code from https://fhir.dghs.gov.bd/core/ValueSet/loinc-lab-results (extensible)
+* code ^definition = "LOINC result/component code for this individual laboratory result"
+* code ^comment = "E.g. 718-7 Hemoglobin, 2160-0 Creatinine"
+
+// ── Status ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+* status from http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status (required)
+
+// ── Effective ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+* effective[x] 1..1 MS
+* effective[x] only dateTime or Period
+* effectiveDateTime ^definition = "Date/time the result was obtained"
+
+// ── Value[x] ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Required — every leaf result must carry a value.
+* value[x] 1..1 MS
+* value[x] ^definition = "The actual result value for this laboratory test"
+
+// Numeric results (Qn scale) — UCUM units required
+* valueQuantity MS
+* valueQuantity.value 1..1
+* valueQuantity.unit 1..1
+* valueQuantity.system 1..1
+* valueQuantity.system = "http://unitsofmeasure.org"
+* valueQuantity.code 1..1
+* valueQuantity ^comment = "Use for quantitative (Qn scale) results. Units must be UCUM."
+
+// Coded results (Ord/Nom scale) — bound to LOINC Answer Lists
+* valueCodeableConcept MS
+* valueCodeableConcept from https://fhir.dghs.gov.bd/core/ValueSet/loinc-answer-lists (extensible)
+* valueCodeableConcept ^comment = "Use for ordinal or nominal (Ord/Nom scale) results."
+
+// ── hasMember ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Leaf results cannot group further observations.
+* hasMember 0..0
+
+// ── derivedFrom ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// References the parent panel Observation.
+* derivedFrom 0..* MS
+* derivedFrom only Reference(BDLabPanelObservationProfile)
+* derivedFrom ^definition = "Reference to the parent panel Observation this result belongs to"
+
+// ── Interpretation ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Strongly recommended for lab results — High, Low, Normal, etc.
+* interpretation 0..* MS
+* interpretation from http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation (extensible)
+* interpretation ^definition = "Clinical interpretation of the result value"
+* interpretation ^comment = "E.g. H (High), L (Low), N (Normal), A (Abnormal)"
+
+// ── Reference Range ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+* referenceRange 0..* MS
+* referenceRange ^definition = "Normal reference range for this result"
+* referenceRange ^comment = "Should be present when reference ranges are known"
+
+// ── Specimen ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// May reference the same specimen as the parent panel.
+* specimen 0..1 MS
+* specimen ^definition = "Specimen used for this result observation"
+* specimen ^comment = "Should be consistent with the parent panel specimen"
+
+// ── Note ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+* note 0..* MS
+* note ^definition = "Comments about this individual result"