diff --git a/utils/check_model_tester.py b/utils/check_model_tester.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ace411b1a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/check_model_tester.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# coding=utf-8
+# Copyright 2023 The HuggingFace Inc. team.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import glob
+import os
+
+from get_test_info import get_tester_classes
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    failures = []
+
+    pattern = os.path.join("tests", "models", "**", "test_modeling_*.py")
+    test_files = glob.glob(pattern)
+    # TODO: deal with TF/Flax too
+    test_files = [
+        x for x in test_files if not (x.startswith("test_modeling_tf_") or x.startswith("test_modeling_flax_"))
+    ]
+
+    for test_file in test_files:
+        tester_classes = get_tester_classes(test_file)
+        for tester_class in tester_classes:
+            # A few tester classes don't have `parent` parameter in `__init__`.
+            # TODO: deal this better
+            try:
+                tester = tester_class(parent=None)
+            except Exception:
+                continue
+            if hasattr(tester, "get_config"):
+                config = tester.get_config()
+                for k, v in config.to_dict().items():
+                    if isinstance(v, int):
+                        target = None
+                        if k in ["vocab_size"]:
+                            target = 100
+                        elif k in ["max_position_embeddings"]:
+                            target = 128
+                        elif k in ["hidden_size", "d_model"]:
+                            target = 40
+                        elif k == ["num_layers", "num_hidden_layers", "num_encoder_layers", "num_decoder_layers"]:
+                            target = 5
+                        if target is not None and v > target:
+                            failures.append(
+                                f"{tester_class.__name__} will produce a `config` of type `{config.__class__.__name__}`"
+                                f' with config["{k}"] = {v} which is too large for testing! Set its value to be smaller'
+                                f" than {target}."
+                            )
+
+    if len(failures) > 0:
+        raise Exception(f"There were {len(failures)} failures:\n" + "\n".join(failures))